Expansive laminoplasty, a procedure used for cervical myelopathy, was carried out in 4 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. The method was used in relatively young patients with severe low back and sciatic pain who had intraspinal ossification at multiple segments, with or without developmental spinal stenosis. The advantages of osteoplastic enlargement of the lumbar spinal canal with reinforcement of spinal stability are confirmed by our follow up of 2 to 5 1/2 years. The results were very satisfactory in each case. The indications and operative technique are described.
A case of traumatic bilateral anterior dislocation of the hips complicated by a femoral head fracture is described. The mechanism is discussed and the literature reviewed.
High- and low-metastatic clones established from poorly differentiated murine sarcoma (RCT sarcoma) spontaneously developed in C3H/He mice were used in this study. Attachment and invasion, which are factors likely related to metastatic ability, of these clones were investigated in a three-dimensional culture system using embryonic chick heart fragments and tumor cell aggregates. The effects of Nocodazole, which interferes with the function of microtubules, and cytochalasin B, which affects the actin assembly in cytoplasmic extensions, on these factors were also examined. Metastatic ability was correlated with attachment and invasiveness of RCT sarcoma. Invasiveness of tumor cells was suppressed by the addition of Nocodazole to the culture medium. Since the disappearance of cell polarity, resulting from the inhibition of tubulin assembly, was found to coincide with the suppression of invasion, directional migration is considered to be involved in the invasion of tumor cells. Cytochalasin B caused a marked decrease in the ratio of attachment of tumor aggregates to embryonic chick heart fragments. The increased ability of invasion and attachment of RCT(+) cells compared with RCT(-) cells seems to contribute to their propensity to metastasize.
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