Gastric cancer is the most frequent gastrointestinal neoplasm in the native population of Kashmir valley situated in the mountains of NorthWest India. The prevelence rate in other population groups in India is much lower. The study is a comprehensive analysis of 850 cases diagnosed in the last five years at one teaching-cum-referral center. Of these, 82% were males and 18% were females; 62% were smokers and 38% were non-smokers; 60% of patients belonged to the age group 41-60 years. Endoscoric appearances were classified as: nodular mass 47%, polypoid mass 20%, malignant ulcer 10%, infilteratfre lesion 8%, rounded tumor mass 8%, linitis plastica 5% and 'early carcinoma' 2%. On histopathological typing; 79% of the lesions were adenocarcinomes, 8% mucoid carcinomas, 8% leiomyosarcomes, 4% schirrous carcinomas, and 1% reticulum cell sarcomas. The possible etiological factors peculiar to the dietary constituents, including the consumption of hot salted tea and of a particular leafy vegetable, are singled out. The genetic factors may have an important role in the etiology of stomach cancer in this high risk group.
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