The study was conducted from April to May 2011 and aimed to obtain information about the diversity, stand structure and carbon content of mangrove forests, the Resort Bedul Alas Purwo National Park, East Java. The plot is made in three different places repeated in three times and the size of the sub-plots was 10m x 10m. The results showed that in nine miles along the riverine mangrove, it was recorded thirteen types of vegetation,

Potency of Nypa as a Food Resource from MangroveForest. Research on potency of nypa (Nypa fruticans (Thunb.) Wurmb.) as a food resource was conducted at Sangkimah Lama Village Sangatta, East Kutai District, East Kalimantan Province from September to November 2009. The data collected from five plots with measurement of 10 m x 10 m laid in purposive random sampling procedure. The result showed that the number of tree per hectare was 1,984 included 1,067 trees bearing fruits. Every tree has 3.55 lump of fruit in average with 2.83 lump was ripe fruits and 0.76 lump was unripe. The average number of fruit was 196,120 per hectare. In a hectare of land could yield 1.89 ton unripe fruit and 3.27 tons of nypa powder. The powder was composed of high fiber with low fat and calory. So this food has potency for dietary program.Keywords: Nypa fruticans, potency, fruits, foods, powder. ABSTRAKPenelitian potensi nipah atau Nypa fruticans (Thunb.) Wurmb. sebagai sumber pangan dari hutan mangrove dilakukan di Desa Sangkimah Lama, Kecamatan Sengatta Selatan, Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dari bulan September sampai Nopember 2009. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengukuran plot berbentuk bujur sangkar ukuran 10 m x 10 m, dengan lima plot pengamatan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan teknik penarikan contoh bertingkat dengan peletakan/pemilihan satuan contoh tingkat pertama secara terarah dan satuan contoh tingkat kedua secara sistematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pohon dapat mencapai 1.984 pohon/ha, 1.067 pohon/ha di antaranya berbuah. Setiap pohon nipah berbuah rata-rata 3,55 bonggol/pohon, 2,83 bonggol buah tua/pohon dan 0,76 bonggol buah muda/pohon; setiap bonggol rata-rata berisi 65 buah nipah. Jumlah buah nipah dalam 1 ha rata-rata 196.120 buah. Dalam 1 ha tegakan nipah dapat menghasilkan 1,89 ton buah muda semacam kolang kaling dan 3,27 ton tepung nipah. Tepung nipah mengandung serat cukup tinggi dengan kandungan lemak dan kalori rendah yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan makanan bagi orang diet.

ABSTRAKPenelitian yang dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2007 bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang besarnya potensi biofisik dan kandungan karbon pada hutan mangrove di Cagar Biosfer Pulau Siberut, Sumatera Barat. Analisis potensi biomasa, karbon, dan kesuburan tanah dalam tegakan mangrove dilakukan dalam dua plot seluas masing-masing 0,25 ha pada jarak 1.300 m dari garis pantai. Inventarisasi jenis mangrove dilakukan di tepi sungai sepanjang satu km dari sungai sepanjang dua km dengan vegetasi riverine mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 10 jenis pohon mangrove, yaitu Rhizophora apiculata Blume, R. mucronata Blume, Bruguiera cylindrica W.et.A., B. gymnorrhiza (L). Savigny, Xylocarpus granatum Koen, Barringtonia racemosa Blume, Ceriops tagal C.B Rob., Aegyceras corniculatum Blanco, Luminitzera littorea Voigl., dan Avicennia alba L. Hutan mangrove di lokasi penelitian mempunyai kadar C sebesar 23,22%, N sebesar 0,73%, Na dan K sebesar masing-masing 10,40 me/100 g dan 4,51 me/100 g yang termasuk kategori sangat tinggi, namun nilai P sebesar 3,94 ppm dan KTK sebesar 18,93 termasuk cukup rendah. Jenis yang mendominasi tegakan hutan mangrove adalah R. apiculata dengan kerapatan 80 pohon/ha, R. mucronata dengan kerapatan 28 pohon/ha, dan B. gymnorrhiza dengan kerapatan 12 pohon/ha. Biomasa tegakan di atas tanah dan kandungan karbon hutan mangrove yang terdiri dari jenis R. apiculata, R. mucronata, dan jenis B. gymnorrhiza cukup rendah, yaitu sebesar 49,13 ton/ha dan 24,56 ton C/ha, atau setara dengan 90,16 ton CO 2 /ha.

The study indicated that 88 species found belonged to 29 families. The predominant species was Shorea parvifolia (meranti) and Dipterocarpus costulatus (keruing). The highest dominance value belonged to second transect (0,0998) and the lowest dominant value was the fourth transect (0,0526). The highest diversity index value belonged to fifth transect (2,28) and the lowest of diversity index value was fourth transect (1,41). The abundance of pasak bumi was different in transect, for trees level it was 2 individuals/ha (first transect and third transect), however, in the second, fourth and fifth transect were none. For belta level, it was 10 individuals/ha (the first transect), 20 individuals/ha (the third transect) and 20 individuals/ha (the fifth transect), while in the second and fourth transect were none. For seedling level it was 280 individuals/ha (the third transect), 60 individuals/ha (the fourth transect) and 100 individuals/ha (the fifth transect), while in the first and the second were none. This intolerant species was adapted in slope and dry areas. The rarity of pasak bumi was not affecting local people because they were seldom used for traditional medicine.

Research on the biodiversity of flora and fauna in conservation forests in the petroleum/oil refinery industri is rarely done, this activity aims to obtain information on the biodiversity of flora and fauna, especially bird species. This research was conducted in in the Bukit Datuk Dumai forest area, Riau Province. Ploting a plot of 100 m x 100 m (1 ha) is made for flora biodiversity, for bird plots with a radius of 25 m scattered randomly at that location. The structure and composition of tree species with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm, saplings and seedlings were examined from a permanent measuring plot of one ha. There were 32 species of trees with a diameter of ≥ 10 cm and numbering 354 trees, belonging to 22 family, the largest species being Dipterocarpaceae. Species that dominate tree level stands are Garcinia dioca L. IVI = 39.67%, Gironniera subaequalis Planch. IVI = 30.39% and Ochanostachys amentaceae Mast. IVI = 30.26 %. The species in sapling level are Hopea mengarawan Miq., Gironniera subaequalis Planch. and Shorea acuminata Dyer. With IVI respectively 73.71%, 42.51% and 35.24%, seedlings of species Glochidion sp. With IVI 47.10%, Koompassia excelsa Taub. IVI 43.52% and Hopea mengarawan Miq. IVI24.62%. The number of bird species was found 33 with a diversity index of 2.63, an evenness index of 0.75 and a species richness index of 6.52.Keywords: structure, composition, regeneration, swamp forests, fauna, birds.

Research on absorption of pollutants in the waters by mangrove species was conducted in July-August 2010.The objective was to obtain information on which mangrove speciesis good in absorbing pollutants (Mercury/Hg, Plumbum/Pb and Copper/Cu). The research was conducted in three mangrove sites including Blanakan

<p>Autecological research of Shorea hopeifolia (F. Heim) Symington was done at Resort Pemerihan, National Park of South Bukit Barisan, Lampung in November 2014. The data was collected using a square plot of 20 m x 20 m, number of sample units made was three plots and each plot was made to four subplots with the distance of 50 m between the subplots, distance between the plots was 2,000 m. The results showed that S. hopeifolia was found at altitudes above 260 m asl, alongside of the hill with a rather steep topography and groups. Vegetation encountered in the surrounding consisted of Dipterocarpus kunstleri King. with IVI of 28.89%, Shorea ovalis Blume with IVI of 18.83% and Lithocarpus elegans Blume with IVI of 15.06%. The physical environment temperature was between 25&amp;ndash;35&amp;deg;C, humidity was between 52&amp;ndash;76%, slope was between 15&amp;ndash;65%, and altitude from sea level was between 276 to 350 m. D. kunstleri King. associated with the most powerful S. hopeifolia (close to 1) Ochiai index of 0.81, followed by S. ovalis Blume Ochiai index of 0.65 and Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Gilg. Ochiai index 0.52. Natural regeneration was assisted by wildlife especially hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) and the flow of rain water.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian autekologi damar asam (Shorea hopeifolia (F. Heim) Symington) telah dilakukan di Resort Pemerihan, Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan, Lampung pada bulan November 2014. Pengumpulan data menggunakan plot bujur sangkar ukuran 20 m x 20 m, jumlah satuan contoh yang dibuat tiga plot dan masing-masing plot dibuat 4 subplot dengan jarak antarsubplot 50 m, jarak antarplot 2.000 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa damar asam dijumpai pada ketinggian tempat di atas 260 m dpl, di pinggir bukit dengan topografi agak curam dan berkelompok. Vegetasi di sekitarnya yang dijumpai adalah kruing (Dipterocarpus kunstleri King.) dengan INP sebesar 28,89%, meranti merah (Shorea ovalis Blume) INP = 18,83%, dan Lithocarpus elegans Blume dengan INP = 15,06%. Lingkungan fisik suhu antara 25&amp;ndash;35&amp;deg;C, kelembaban udara antara 52&amp;ndash;76%, kemiringan lahan antara 15&amp;ndash;65% dan ketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut antara 276 sampai 350 m. Jenis kruing (D. kunstleri King.) berasosiasi dengan damar asam paling kuat (mendekati 1) indeks Ochiai 0,81 diikuti meranti merah (S. ovalis Blume) indeks Ochiai 0,65 dan sempur Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Gilg. indeks Ochiai 0,52. Regenerasi alami dibantu oleh satwa liar terutama burung rangkong (Buceros rhinoceros) dan aliran air hujan.</p>

Given the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food and agriculture sectors, rapid measures are needed to reduce the risk of food crises, especially among the poor and the most vulnerable communities. The government of Indonesia planned to establish the Food Estate National Program to ensure food security. Most of the area will be on peatlands, and as such, the program still faces pros and cons as it might open up opportunities for deforestation, threats to biodiversity, and loss of community livelihoods. We conducted the present research in Central Kalimantan to formulate a food estate (FE) development strategy by taking into account the potential benefits and risks to ensure increases in the local community’s welfare and the sustainability of biodiversity. Data were collected through field surveys, interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and literature studies. The results show that the operation of a food estate on degraded peatlands has a moderate to high level of risk of negative impacts. Community activities and changes in farming methods through using more inputs and mechanical equipment are the most risky activities in FE development. The low substitutability of peatlands requires mitigation efforts as part of risk management. The operation of food systems on peatlands must be based on a strong sustainability perspective with a main principle of complementary resources. The main strategy is to protect natural resources and replace cultivated exotic plants with potential native peat plants with minimal risk. In addition, the policy and capacity building of farmers towards a business-oriented direction will maximize socioeconomic benefits. Utilization of biodiversity and low-impact cultivation techniques can ensure sustainability.