An analysis of Mn substitution in SrTiO3 is performed in order to understand the origin of reported spin coupling in lightly Mn‐doped SrTiO3. The spin glass state magnetoelectrically coupled to the dipolar glass state has previously been reported for SrTiO3 substituted with only 2% of Mn on the B‐site. An analysis of the substitution mechanism for A‐ and B‐site doping shows a strong influence of processing conditions, such as processing temperature, oxygen partial pressure, and off‐stoichiometry. The required conditions for a site‐selective substitution are defined, which yield a single‐phase and almost defect‐free perovskite. Magnetic measurements show no magnetic anomalies resulting from spin coupling and only a simple paramagnetic behavior. Magnetic anomalies are observed only for the samples in which Mn is misplaced within the cation sublattice of the SrTiO3 perovskite. This occurs due to improper material processing, which causes initially unpredicted changes in the valence state of the Mn and results in the formation of structural defects and irregularities associated with segregation and nucleation of the magnetic species. Previously reported spin coupling in Mn‐doped SrTiO3 is not an intrinsic phenomenon and cannot be treated as a spin glass.
The strong coupling regime is essential for efficient transfer of excitations between states in different quantum systems on timescales shorter than their lifetimes. The coupling of single spins to microwave photons is very weak but can be enhanced by increasing the local density of states by reducing the magnetic mode volume of the cavity. In practice, it is difficult to achieve both small cavity mode volume and low cavity decay rate, so superconducting metals are often employed at cryogenic temperatures. For an ensembles of N spins, the spin-photon coupling can be enhanced by ffiffiffi ffi N p through collective spin excitations known as Dicke states. For sufficiently large N the collective spin-photon coupling can exceed both the spin decoherence and cavity decay rates, making the strong-coupling regime accessible. Here we demonstrate strong coupling and cavity quantum electrodynamics in a solid-state system at room-temperature. We generate an inverted spin-ensemble with N~1015 by photo-exciting pentacene molecules into spin-triplet states with spin dephasing time T Ã 2 $ 3 μs. When coupled to a 1.45 GHz TE 01δ mode supported by a high Purcell factor strontium titanate dielectric cavity (V m $ 0:25 cm 3 , Q~8,500), we observe Rabi oscillations in the microwave emission from collective Dicke states and a 1.8 MHz normal-mode splitting of the resultant collective spin-photon polariton. We also observe a cavity protection effect at the onset of the strong-coupling regime which decreases the polariton decay rate as the collective coupling increases. 1 and a key feature is the strong coupling regime, where excitations are coherently transferred between different quantum systems over timescales significantly shorter than their lifetimes. A striking example is the Dicke state,
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