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In this work, the classification of brain tumours in magnetic resonance images is studied by using optimal texture features. These features are used to classify three sets of brain images - normal brain, benign tumour and malignant tumour. A wavelet-based texture feature set is derived from the region of interest. Each selected brain region of interest is characterized with both its energy and texture features extracted from the selected high frequency subband. An artificial neural network classifier is employed to evaluate the performance of these features. Feature selection is performed by a genetic algorithm. Principal component analysis and classical sequential methods are compared against the genetic approach in terms of the best recognition rate achieved and the optimal number of features. A classification performance of 98% is achieved in a genetic algorithm with only four of the available 29 features. Principal component analysis and classical sequential methods require a larger feature set to attain the similar classification accuracy of 98%. The optimal texture features such as range of angular second moment, range of sum variance, range of information measure of correlation II and energy selected by the genetic algorithm provide best classification performance with lower computational effort.

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This paper describes subband dependent adaptive shrinkage function that generalizes hard and soft shrinkages proposed by Donoho and Johnstone (1994). The proposed new class of shrinkage function has continuous derivative, which has been simulated and tested with normal and abnormal ECG signals with added standard Gaussian noise using MATLAB. The recovered signal is visually pleasant compared with other existing shrinkage functions. The implication of the proposed shrinkage function in denoising and data compression is discussed.

An algorithm proposed by Sridhar and Kumaravel is extended to include a framework for the detection of renal calculi. Calculi occur due to abnormal collection of certain chemicals like oxalate, phosphate and uric acid. These calculi can be present in the kidney, ureter or urinary bladder. Performance analysis is done to a set of five known algorithms using parameters such as success rate in calculi detection, border error metric and time. The framework is constructed by combining the best algorithm based on the performance analysis and a procedure to validate the detected calculi using the shadow it casts in ultrasound images. Ultrasound images of 37 patients are used for testing the algorithm. The detected calculi based on the framework match those determined by expert clinicians in more than 95% of the cases.

The paper describes a method, based on a genetic algorithm, to remove sinusoidal powerline interference in electrocardiograms. There is a report on the use of the genetic algorithm to remove powerline interference for two different types of interference, powerline interference with frequency drift, and interference with frequency drift as well as third- harmonic distortion. The studies are conducted on electrocardiograms with simulated interference and also on actual noisy electrocardiogram records. The results obtained using the genetic algorithm in these cases of interference are presented.