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This paper describes the structural design, trial production, and laying results for submarine optical fiber cables that can be deployed in shallow seas between islands and/or channel crossings without repeaters. Structural design methods for the submarine optical fiber cable are proposed, which take into consideration suppressing cable elongation under tension and excess loss under hydraulic pressure. This paper describes good laying results for the cable using this structural design method. The average loss for single-mode fibers was 0.72 dB/km, and the average loss for multimode fibers was 0.81 dB/km for a 10.2-km long cable operated at 1.3-microm wavelength.

Submarine cable kinking is a continuing design problem. Cable kink occurs when a cable loop forms due to torsion and tension action, and then tightens under subsequent tension increase. This paper describes cable loop stability under the subsequent tension and clarifies the kinking mechanism. Results show that kinking occurrence mainly depends on residual twist in the cable loop.

Stress in an optical fiber has not been measured because of its small diameter. This paper explains the protective quality of a jacketed fiber from lateral pressure by a new experimental method, which enables the stress in the fiber to be measured using the photoelastic effect. Results show that the effect of the nylon jacket with a silicone rubber layer depends on the shell effect of the nylon jacket within its elastic deformation region and is so large that little lateral pressure is actually applied on the fiber. However, fiber stress and excess loss increase suddenly when the nylon jacket shell yields.

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