Aim:Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl for epidural anaesthesia in lower limb orthopedic surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery aged between 21 to 50 years. For statistical analysis data were entered into a Microsoft excel spreadsheet and then analyzed by SPSS (version 27.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and GraphPad Prism version 5. Result: Difference of mean age with both groups was not statistically signicant (p=0.217). Difference of mean duration of surgery with both groups was not statistically signicant (p<0.001).Difference of mean onset time of sensory block (at T10) with both groups was statistically signicant (p<0.001). Difference of mean time of onset of moter block with both groups was statistically signicant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine seems to be a better alternative to fentanyl for epidural anaesthesia because of intense analgesia, better quality of motor block and prolong post op analgesia, along with higher sedation scores.
Background: caudal anaesthesia has shortterm effect. Alpha2 adenoreceptors when used as adjuvant to local anaesthetic in children prolongs analgesic duration. The study is aimed to assess the efficacy of addition of dexmedetomidine with Bupivacaine in caudal block for extending postoperative analgesia and its safety profile in pediatric infraumbilical surgeries.Method: the prospective interventional longitudinal double blinded study was conducted on 60 patients randomly divided into two groups by simple lottery method: group B who received (0.25 %) bupivacaine 1 ml/kg plus 1 ml normal saline (NS), and those in group BD who received (0.25 %) bupivacaine 1 ml/kg plus 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 1 ml NS. Postsurgery, both groups were compared in R studio v1.2.5001. Association between the adverse effect and other variables (age, gender, type of surgery, groups) were assessed by Multiple linear regression.Results: in group BD, duration of analgesia prolonged significantly (P < 0.05). In group BD, FLACC score at initial four hours and at 12th hour was significantly less (P < 0.05). Group B was more likely to receive high number of rescue analgesia (P = 0.0005; OR = 11.769). No significant difference was observed concerning hemodynamics, respiratory parameters and adverse effect between both groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: in children, dexmedetomidine when used along with bupivacaine prolongs postoperative analgesia duration, without any significant side effects.
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