The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius, constitutes a major constraint to sweet potato production and utilization in Africa. Host plant resistance/tolerance, mulching and varying harvesting dates could provide an approach that fits well into an integrated pest management programme of this insect pest. In this study, a trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of host plant, mulching with freshly harvested, dried and chopped up aerial parts of elephant grass (Panicum maximum), and the manipulation of harvesting date, on crop damage by the sweet potato weevil. Cylas formicarius incidence was observed to decrease with increase in mulching level. Also, significant cultivar variation with respect to Cylas formicarius tuber damage and the total number of tubers produced were recorded. Karur local (White) and Arun (White) were observed to be significantly less susceptible to the sweetpotato weevil. Harvesting date was also significantly different, with respect to the number of damaged tubers. More tubers were damaged when harvesting was delayed. Hence, using Karur local (White) or Arun (White), coupled with mulching at the rate of 3-5t/ha and harvesting at 104 DAP resulted in increased number of tubers and reduced sweetpotato weevil infestation in the field.
A Leaf spot disease was caused by Alternaria alternata ten isolates were collected from the ashwagandha growing different regions of Tamil Nadu. The virulence of the isolates were tested based on the Per cent Disease Index (PDI) and symptom expressed on the foliar surface. The maximum disease intensity of 65.13 PDI was recorded in Chempatti (I 6 ) isolate. The minimum disease intensity was recorded in I 10 from Cumbum (36.83 PDI). Seven fungicides viz., carbendazim(0.05%), mancozeb (0.2%) copper oxy chloride (1%), chlorothalanil (0.2%), fosetyl (0.1%), Ridomil MZ (0.05%) and dithane M 45(0.05%) were tested against A. alternata. Among the fungicides, the minimum diameter of mycelial growth of A. alternata (0.75cm) and maximum percentage of inhibition (91.34%) were recorded in mancozeb (0.2%).How to view point the article : Kalieswari, N., Raja, I. Yesu and Devi, M. (2016). Effect of fungicides on the mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata causing leaf spot disease in ashwagandha. Internat. J. Plant Protec., 9(1) : 153-157.
and Cumbum with a view to assess disease intensity. Ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens were isolated from the rhizosphere soil. The effective isolates were also used as biocontrol agents. Among ten isolates were tested, three isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens viz., Pf5, Pf1 and Pf4 were effectively identified by different biochemical methods viz., KOH test, anerobic growth, Arginine dehydrogenase starch hydrolysis, siderophore and HCN production. Among the four isolates tested for HCN production, the isolate Pf 5 recorded as strong producer of HCN with OD value of 0.090 followed by isolate Pf 1 (OD value of 0.063). Based on these biochemical methods and characterization of the strains were identified as a gram negative Pseudomonas species. Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens were tested against A. alternata, Pf 5 recorded the highest inhibition of mycelial growth of A. alternata over control by recording 61.71 % inhibition. The lowest % inhibition (22.86%) of mycelial growth of A. alternata was recorded by Pf 8.How to cite this article : Kalieswari, N. (2017). Biochemical characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Alterneria alternata in ashwagandha.
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