Some current studies on morphological, biochemical, molecular of wheat plants could be used in the progress of varieties ' improvement, adapted to current requirements (Black and Halmer, 2006). Board genetic dowry and wheat crop conditions usually lead to characteristic expression of plant morphology. In winter wheat, both in the case of a Phyton and a Foxyl varieties, some new directions have been found, which have recently been improved. Thus, in the two variety comparison, the straw was shorter in the hybrid with 6 cm. The basal internode (the third of top) was 1 cm longer in the variety, with its thickness between the same limits in both forms (3.1-3.2 mm). The sub-apical internode measured less 1 cm in the Phyton, and the apical internode was shorter by 2-4 cm in the Foxyl. The ear had the longest in the Foxyl, but the weight of the spikes was similar (ears were dominated by 2.1-2.3 g). Each spikes contained 16-17 spikelets in both forms. Spikelet had an external glume and inferior palea shorter to the Phyton, and the awn was longer 2-3 cm in the sema variety. The medium spike contained 15-16 more grains in the Phyton, and the total mass of the grains in a spike weighed more with 0.2 g in the same variety. The grains were longer by about 1.0 mm and the thickness was 0.4-0.5 mm more both in the Foxyl variety. The mass of thousand grains in smaller limits was at Phyton (33-36 g), while the Foxyl had the much larger grain weight (45-51 g). Between the morphological characters of the plants, significant positive correlations were obtained only between the components of the spikes in both forms. Un important links were obtained between the characters of the straw with the other plant elements in the Phyton and significant linkages under the same conditions in the Foxyl. Both forms of winter wheat demonstrated through the morphological characters manifested, good zonal adaptability.
Among the species of weeds with early emergence in spring is Lamium purpureum L. The plant is observed by its appearance in the form of small hearths, with relatively high densities, in addition to and in the areas cultivated with wheat. On the one hand, there was an obvious spread in agricultural areas, and on the other hand, a certain culinary and medicinal interest increased. Its spread occurs through the relatively high number of seeds it produces and their persistence in the soil. Morphological characters have shown a continuous evolution, depending on the ecotype existing at a given time. Thus, the average plant measured 13 cm in height and weighed 0.12 g of dry matter. One plant had on average 35 top-like fruit formations, and the number of nuts on a plant was 28. The nuts were 1.8 mm long and 0.8 mm thick. and the mass of one thousand walnuts was at the level of the whole experiment of 0.57 g. Significant positive correlations were obtained between the height of the plants with their weight, with the number of fruit formations and with the number of seeds/ nuts. Negative correlations were between the length of the nuts and the other characters. The determinations performed showed that the weed also adapted to the current climatic conditions in the agricultural field, with the increase of the fruiting of the plants.
Currently, new varieties of triticale show improved morphological characteristics, according to the requirements of practice. The new directions mainly concern the waist and the components of the ear. Recent research has shown that new varieties, which form chains with relatively lower heights, could be suitable for different levels of intensification. On the other hand, current studies on morphological characters are useful in the progress of variety improvement, characteristic of the current stage. The wide genetic dowry and growing conditions of triticale usually lead to the specific expression of plant morphology. In the autumn triticale varieties Haiduc and FDL Bolid, some new directions were found, these being recently improved. Thus, compared to the two varieties, the straw and its upper segments were shorter in Haiduc. The thickness of the straw at the base was 0.2 mm smaller at Bolid. Both the length of the spike and its weight were similar. The Haiduc variety dominated instead in the number of spikelets in a spike, 31 compared to 29 in the Bolid variety. The membranes that cover the spikelet had similar dimensions: the external glume of 9 mm, the lower palea of 12-13 mm, and at Bolid the awn was 2 cm higher. The two varieties of triticale were more obviously differentiated by the morphological characteristics of the grains. Thus, for the Bolid variety, the number of grains in an ear was higher by 10, and the weight was higher by 0.5 g. Instead, the grain length was higher in Haiduc. The dominant values of the mass of one thousand grains were in both varieties at 50 g. Specific and at the same time important correlations were obtained between the morphological characters of the varieties. Thus, the number of grains in an ear and their weight were positively correlated with all the studied characters, with higher values of the correlation coefficients obtained for the Bolid variety. Both varieties of autumn triticale have demonstrated by their morphological characteristics, a good adaptability to zonal conditions.
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