We retrospectively investigated the incidence of potential sugammadex-induced anaphylaxis at a single center in Japan over a period of 3 years. The overall incidence of intraoperative hypersensitivity reaction was 0.22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17%-0.29%), and the incidence of anaphylaxis was 0.059% (95% CI, 0.032%-0.10%). The total number of patients who received sugammadex during the study period was 15,479, and the incidence of anaphylaxis associated with sugammadex was 0.039% (n = 6; 95% CI, 0.014%-0.084%). This result implies that the incidence of sugammadex-associated anaphylaxis could be as high as that for succinylcholine or rocuronium. A prospective study, including testing for identification of cause, is necessary to confirm the exact incidence of sugammadex-induced anaphylaxis; however, the present finding calls attention to this potential.

These results are useful for understanding the molecular basis of the mechanisms of CRSwNP and point to new targets for developing specific biomarkers and personalized therapeutic strategies for CRSwNP.

New alkylated hydroquinones violaceoid A (1), violaceoid B (2), and violaceoid C (3), an alkylated phenol violaceoid D (4), and a cyclohexenoid violaceoid E (5) were isolated from a culture broth of Aspergillus violaceofuscus Gasperini isolated from moss. The structures were identified by interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, MS, and IR). Two known compounds, the cyclohexenoid 6 and eupenoxide (7), were also isolated. Compound 6 was isolated for the first time as a natural product and named violaceoid F. Isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines and a mouse macrophage cell line. Violaceoid A was the most potent of the seven compounds against all cell lines. Violaceoid C and D exhibited cytotoxicity against the leukemia cell lines with LD50 values 5.9-8.3 μM, while violaceoid F was found to be cytotoxic against HCT116 and RAW264.7 with LD50 values of 6.4 and 6.5 μM, respectively. These results demonstrate that violaceoid derivatives are a new class of cytotoxic hydroquinones with a hydroxymethyl and a linear alkyl substituent.

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The use of waste heat or low-exergy heat sources represents a strategic opportunity to reduce the environmental footprint and operation cost of industrial processes. The absorption heat transformer, also known as absorption heat pump type II, is a thermal machine which can boost the temperature of a heat flow by using a negligible amount of electrical power.However, owing to the lack of established technical knowledge and the absence of comprehensive recordings of successful heat transformer applications, the feasibility and reliability of absorption heat transformers have been questioned and the diffusion of this technology remained limited.Therefore, in this paper, all the industrial applications of the absorption heat transformer that are recorded in previous literature and yet unpublished reports are presented and discussed.In addition to literature research, intense knowledge exchange with three leading manufacturers of absorption heat transformers gave an accurate perspective on the technological level of commercial products and operative installations. It is shown that between 1981 and 2019, 48 absorption heat transformers have been installed in 42 plants with a total capacity of ≈ 134 MW. Two main implementation periods, separated by 25 years of infrequent heat transformer installations, have been recognised. More than 74 % of the installations were in Asia. Approximately 61 % of the heat transformer installations were applied into the chemical industry.Therefore, through the analysis of the technical challenges and their solutions, along with related economical aspects of heat transformer installations, the effective state-of-the-art of 1

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