A mechanism and foundations of the radiation theory of heat and mass transfer that are based on the transfer of energy by photons emitted and absorbed by particles of the substance are presented. Equations of heat and mass transfer that transform, in the limit, to known phenomenological equations, energy distribution functions of atoms and their degrees of freedom in diffusion processes, and expressions for the specific heat and the diffusion coeffic&nt that yield, as particular cases, the known Debye, Arrhenius, and Einstein formulas have been found.Kinetic processes in condensed bodies that are related to atomic migrations cause significant changes in their macro-and microproperties. To purposefully change these properties, it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of the processes themselves. These processes are characterized by the fact that their intensity is highly dependent on the temperature. For example, the diffusion coefficient of zinc in copper increases by a factor of 1014 as the temperature increases from 20 to 300°C [1].Diffusion transfer in solids is usually related [1-5] to atomic-energy fluctuations, owing to which an atom can reach an energy level sufficient for breakage of the bonds with neighboring atoms and for migration into the surroundings of other atoms. It is suggested [2] that most of the time an atom is found in the "settled" state where it oscillates with a frequency v = kT/h, and from time to time it performs diffusion transitions when it is given the activation energy u. The duration of stay of the atom in the settled state between transitions is "c = ~0 exp (u/kT), where "c0 is a time of the order of the oscillation period of the lattice atoms that corresponds to the frequency v (x0 = l0 -13 sec). The diffusion coefficient D is determined by an expression that is analogous to the Arrhenius formula for the temperature dependence of the rate of macroscopicaUy observed processes: 1062-0125/00/7304-0840525.00
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