Introduction. In recent years, the world has seen an increase in the number of patients with difficulty in nasal breathing due to nasal obstruction, one of the causes of which are functional disorders of the nasal mucosa in various forms of rhinitis. Frequent use of intranasal decongestants among the population further contributes to the lack of effectiveness of conservative treatment and the need for surgical correction to restore free nasal breathing. This article discusses the possibility of using a homeopathic preparation containing calendula, witch hazel, aesculus, menthol and zinc oxide in patients with nasal obstruction in vasomotor and chronic subatrophic rhinitis to stop the clinical manifestations of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients. Аim. Тo evaluate the effectiveness of a drug containing calendula, witch hazel, aesculus, menthol and zinc oxide in patients with vasomotor and chronic subatrophic rhinitis in the complex treatment of nasal obstruction. Мaterials and methods. The study involved 48 adult patients of both sexes, aged 20 to 50 years, diagnosed with vasomotor (idiopathic) rhinitis in 24 and chronic subatrophic rhinitis in 24 patients. The studied preparation containing calendula, witch hazel, esculus, menthol and zinc oxide was smeared on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity by laying gauze turundas for 5 minutes, 3 times a day, while the course of treatment was 10 days. The efficacy and safety of the drug was assessed by the dynamics of the severity of subjective symptoms, objective clinical data during control examinations by an otorhinolaryngologist in points, as well as by the presence of side effects in the treatment of the disease. Results. Results of the study showed a pronounced positive trend in the form of relief of subjective complaints and the main clinical manifestations of the disease, accompanied by an improvement in the quality of life in patients in both groups examined during treatment. Side effects were not observed in patients in both study groups. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the efficacy and safety of using a complex homeopathic preparation containing calendula, witch hazel, esculus, menthol and zinc oxide in an adult group of patients with nasal obstruction, which makes it possible to recommend it for widespread use for the complex treatment of nasal syndrome. obstruction in vasomotor and chronic subatrophic rhinitis, as well as other forms of rhinitis accompanied by nasal obstruction syndrome.
Violation of the main mechanism of protection of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract mucociliary transport (MCT) is the cause of the development of most diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (PNS). Nevertheless, to assess the MCT in clinical conditions, mainly methods of a subjective nature are used aiming at determining the time of the MCT. At the present stage, the development of a method for an objective assessment of the MCT using new computer and mathematical technologies is an important area of scientific research in otorhinolaryngology. Objective. Based on a review of publications of modern methods for assessing the MCT used in clinical practice and scientific research, to identify promising areas of methods for its study. Materials and methods. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature publications (articles and corresponding abstracts) presented in the databases of the National Library of Russia, including information on methods for assessing mucociliary transport and recording the motor activity of the cilia of the upper respiratory tract (URT) epithelium, was carried out. The materials were chosen according to the keywords: mucociliary transport, motor activity of the ciliated epithelium, rhinology. Results. When studying modern publications, it turned out that in MCT studies high-speed video recording of the work of cilia is increasingly used, in combination with computer and mathematical processing of the data obtained, which makes it possible to give a full assessment of both the mechanism of violation and the functional efficiency of the work of cilia. In the course of the information search, it was found that modern methods used in the study of the MCT tend to automate the receipt of results based on the development of software. The conducted analysis of the literature testifies to the prospects of combining the approaches of related scientific fields of medicine, physics, and biology in the study of the motor function of cilia. One of the promising scientific achievements is the method of Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) using a laser radiation source, which makes it possible to noninvasively and noncontactly assess the nature of cilia movement disorders at the level of spatial planar sections. Most of the modern research methods presented in the article indicate the need for further development and use of new approaches and criteria for assessing the motor activity of cilia.
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