An integral part of the drive elements of machines in forestry are devices that ensure their protection against breakdowns during overloads. Safety devices can be installed on various parts of the kinematic chain of the machine drive elements: at the beginning, at the end or in the middle, and can also be built into the working unit (body). It is most advisable to install fuses closer to the end of the drive lines of the kinematic chain of the machine. If torque safety devices are installed at the beginning or in the middle of the drive, they are not in the overload zone (more often, overload occurs next to the working unit or directly on it). Under these conditions, the drive links of the kinematic chain are subject to overloads of various magnitudes. With distance from the place of occurrence of overload, the value of the value of the dynamic moment decreases due to elastic deformations and friction losses in the drive links of the machine. Consequently, there is a breakdown or destruction of parts and components of the drive, and the fuse itself does not work. Thus, in this article, using a calculated mathematical model of the actuation process of safety devices using a computer, calculations were carried out to determine the values of dynamic loads and an assessment was given in the case of installing a fuse at the beginning and at the end of the kinematic chain of the machine drive
Large-sized woody plants are widely used in forestry and forest parks. This type of planting material, which has certain advantages over ordinary seedlings and seedlings in the form of better preservation and survival rate, prolonging the planting season and reducing the volume of preparatory work, is transplanted with a soil lump using special equipment. Research has being carried out to create equipment for digging out large-sized plants with a lump of soil. Previously, laboratory experiments were carried out to assess the effort of cutting the roots of tree species with blades of various configurations. The obtained data made it possible to determine the optimal geometric parameters of the cutting edge of the blade - the sharpening angle is 30 ° and the angle at the apex of the oblique blade is 105 °. However, this configuration of the cutting element did not always provide a cut of the root system without damage. This paper presents further improvement of the design of plant lifters and the development of research on power cutting of root wood with cutting elements of various profiles. During the experiments, we used blades with the following cutting edge shape: horizontal, providing horizontal cutting with a flat wedge, as well as oblique and arcuate for sliding cutting. According to the research results, it was determined that the smallest cutting force is provided by the use of a blade with an arcuate cutting edge. It has been established that this blade configuration in combination with a cutting edge sharpening angle of 30 ° allows cutting the roots with minimal squeezing and cracking of their surface
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