The paper provides the in-deep analysis of the theoretical background of the necessity and efficiency of the ecological component of corporate social responsibility. The distinguish features of four approaches of corporate social responsibility are identified in order to build a comprehensive view of the evolution of the understanding the vital role of the nature in the context of reaching the long-run goals of business and humanity in general. Additionally, sustainability policies of the most ecologically responsible companies were studied to monitor the specifics of their formulation and the ways to prevent the environmental degradation and climate change. Moreover, the implemented eco-oriented activities by companies were analysed to classify the common activities and to evaluate the level of their involvement. The results indicated the gap between the well-developed theoretical background and the poor participation of business in solving and prevention ecological issues.

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ACCuMulAtion of SoCiAl CAPitAl AS A PoSitiVe externAlitY of CorPorAte SoCiAl reSPonSiBilitY deVeloPMent in trAnSition eConoMieS Purpose. Justification of a hypothesis about positive externality of involvement of companies in projects of corpo rate social responsibility that is connected with development of the relations of trust and accumulation of the social capital at the level of separate enterprises and national economy in general. An important aspect of the research is determination of impact of social responsibility of business on accumulation of social capital in postSoviet states and development of practical recommendations concerning improvement of state regulation of this field of activity. Methodology. The research is based on general scientific methods (scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis, and comparative analysis) and methods of statistical data analysis. Results of correlation analysis demonstrate close inter relation between development of corporate social responsibility and level of accumulation of social capital in devel oped countries and transitive economies. The comparative analysis of practice of implementation and development of corporate social responsibility in selected countries using data of World Bank, The Legatum Institute Foundation, UN Global Compact and Transparency International has identified peculiarities and obstacles in a way of develop ment of these processes in postSoviet states. findings. The problem of accumulation of the social capital as positive externality of implementation of practice of corporate social responsibility in market economy is investigated. Major internal and external factors that generate such externality at the level of separate enterprises, and national economy in general are defined. The interrelation between the number of socially responsible companies and the level of development of the social capital in developed countries and transitive economies is analyzed. Core factors which interfere with expansion of the model of social responsibility of business in the countries with transitive economy are discovered. Practical recommendations con cerning forms of the state support of corporate social responsibility in postSoviet states are formulated. originality. The hypothesis concerning accumulation of the social capital as positive externality of development of corporate social responsibility in transitive economies is confirmed. Core factors which interfere with development of socially responsible business and have negative impact on accumulation of social capital in postSoviet states are defined. Practical value. The authors proved that effective reforms in postSoviet states require active measures of state directed to implementation and development of corporate social liability by support and encouragement of business to socially important problems. Practical recommendations concerning accumulation of the social capital in transi tive economies are proved, including improvement of legal regulations, providing fiscal privileges or direct state ...

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The article examines the causes, nature and consequences of institutional dysfunctions that arise in the process of market transformations of post-socialist economies, as well as how they affect the institutional development of these countries. A comparative analysis was conducted on the conceptual and methodological basis of modern economic transitology and new institutional economics using such statistical methods as comparison of averages, graphical, correlation analysis, and clustering. The results of the analysis revealed the convergent-divergent nature of the institutional dysfunctions impact on institutional development of post-socialist countries. In particular, the similarity of changes in averages of such development indicators was observed, which indicates the existence of a cluster (convergent-divergent) relationship between 19 analyzed post-socialist countries during the second decade of the XXI century. The convergence of institutional development trends is determined both by the general strategic orientation of systemic market reforms and by the geopolitical, territorial proximity of countries, their membership in regional associations. Clustering of countries through the use of Euclidean distance found that due to differences in institutional development rates of post-socialist economies over the past ten years, the number of clusters has increased, indicating the divergent institutional development of these countries. It is due to the degree of congruence of the prevailing informal institutional environment in countries with the implemented institutional modernizations, which creates various complicating, inhibitory and contradictory institutional dysfunctions or traps that should become an object of further institutional reform.

Постановка проблеми. Ускладнення та урізноманітнення суб'єктного складу сучасних економічних систем, їхня відкритість по відношенню до інших сфер суспільної життєдіяльності загострюють потребу в поглибленому міждисциплінарному дослідженні владних відносин, економічних та політико-економічних інтересів, що формують рушійні сили, пріоритети, стимули та обмеження національного господарського розвитку. Загальновизнано, що перехідні економічні процеси справляють значний вплив на систему економічних інтересів та механізми їхнього узгодження. При цьому практика постсоціалістичних країн підтверджує, що крім «провалів» ринку існують значні «провали» в діяльності держави, пов'язані з рентоорієнтованою поведінкою суб'єктів політико-економічних відносин, які прагнуть до безконтрольного розпорядження економічними ресурсами, деперсоніфікації індивідуальної економічної відповідальності, оволодіння «політичним (владним)» капіталом в умовах інституційних змін та інституційної нерівноваги.

The current social crisis, caused by the negative consequences of globalization, labor migration, and an aging population, requires the state’s role in economic and social spheres to be reconsidered. In order to achieve and maintain sustainable economic growth, the pressing social problems, such as poverty, hunger, discrimination, and the unequal distribution of income, should be solved. Under these circumstances, the paper investigates the process of forming a welfare state to evaluate the role of current states in this period of social crisis. To achieve the aim, the following methods were used: historical and systematic analysis of the scientific literature and socio-economic conditions of the evolution of theoretical approaches of the welfare state, and the causes and characteristics of the present social crisis; cluster analysis of European countries to find similar patterns based on the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) development, state social expenditures, and the government budget balance. The paper contains a detailed analysis and discussion of the formation of a welfare state. The study concludes that the process of delegating some state social services to the private sector in the form of CSR can be considered an efficient mechanism to eliminate and overcome the current social crisis through the accumulation of social capital. At the same time, the results of the cluster analysis of European countries demonstrated the importance of CSR development as a compensator for the negative effects of a public welfare crisis and for solving pressing social problems in most European countries. Specific features of post-socialist countries in the context of social orientation of state policy and the development of CSR are highlighted.