No abstract

An increase in the strength of steels is associated with a decrease in the content of impurities, which have a negative effect on the mechanical properties of steels. One of those impurities is hydrogen. It is known that at ultrahigh frequencies, due to the peculiarities of the distribution of alternating current over the cross section of a metal conductor, the conductivity is carried out by a thin surface layer (skin-effect). We present the results of using high-frequency currents for determination of the hydrogen content in a metal. The absorption of hydrogen by thin subsurface layers of steel is determined proceeding from a change in the voltage drop across the samples which depends on the resistance of the layers. The voltage drop as a function of the alternating current frequency is measured using a high-frequency generator, an HF-voltmeter, and an HF-galvanometer. Wire samples made of high-quality U8A carbon steel were used during testing procedure. At the same time, the amount of hydrogen absorbed by the steel was determined by the method of anodic dissolution. It is shown that the cathode-introduced hydrogen is unevenly distributed over the cross section of the sample. During the aging of cathodic hydrogenated steels of a U8A type, hydrogen diffusion from steels into the air takes place with an insignificant penetration of hydrogen into the deeper metal layers. Moreover, the hydrogen content and the resistance of the subsurface layers of the material increase with an increase in the current density during cathodic polarization. The results obtained can be used in nondestructive testing of the degree of hydrogenation of ferromagnetic products.

Одним из способов подготовки поверхности под окраску является нанесение модификаторов ржавчины или специальных грунтовок – преобразователей ржавчины. Для улучшения защитных свойств в состав модифицирующих растворов вводят ингибиторы коррозии. Целью данного исследования являлось получение эффективных ингибиторов на основе отходов целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности, а также разработка систем покрытий с применением данных ингибиторов для защиты от коррозии лесных машин. Исследовались составы, приготовленные на основе сульфитного щелока в качестве ингибиторов коррозии стальных образцов без ржавчины, а также изучалась эффективность защитных свойств систем лакокрасочных покрытий, в состав которых входили грунты-модификаторы ржавчины, разработанные на основе сульфитных щелоков и нанесенные на ржавую поверхность с верхним покрывным слоем эмали ПФ-115. С помощью гравиметрического метода и метода снятия поляризационных кривых выявлено, что сульфитные щелока являются ингибиторами коррозии стали в кислой среде. Показано, сульфитные щелока могут использоваться в качестве ингибиторов коррозии стали к преобразователям ржавчины на основе ортофосфорной кислоты. С помощью визуальных и электрохимических методов выявлено, что наилучшими защитными свойствами обладает система преобразователь ржавчины П-2 + щелок + пиперидин. Поляризационные кривые, снятые в водных вытяжках грунтов-модификаторов ржавчины на основе сульфитных щелоков, подтверждают их ингибирующее действие. Выявлено, что наиболее эффективным ингибитором к преобразователю ржавчины П-2 является добавка щелок + пиперидин. One way to prepare the surface for painting is to apply rust modifiers or special primers – rust converters. To improve the protective properties, corrosion inhibitors are introduced into the composition of the modifying solutions. The purpose of this study was to obtain effective inhibitors based on waste from the pulp and paper industry, as well as the development of coating systems using these inhibitors to protect industrial equipment from corrosion. The compositions prepared on the basis of sulfite liquor as corrosion inhibitors of steel samples without rust were studied, and the effectiveness of the protective properties of paint coatings systems, which included rust modifiers primers developed on the basis of sulfite liquors and applied to a rusty surface with an upper coating layer, was studied. Enamel PF-115. Using the gravimetric method and the method of taking polarization curves, it was found that sulfite liquors are inhibitors of steel corrosion in an acidic environment. It has been shown that sulfite liquors can be used as inhibitors of steel corrosion to phosphoric acid-based rust converters. Using visual and electrochemical methods, it was revealed that the P-2 rust converter + liquor + piperidine system has the best protective properties. Polarization curves recorded in aqueous extracts of rust modifying soils based on sulfite liquors confirm their inhibitory effect. It was revealed that the most effective inhibitor to the P-2 rust converter is the addition of lye + piperidine.

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using wastes from pulp and paper industry as metal corrosion inhibitors. We studied protective properties of various systems, including the primers with rust modifiers developed on the basis of sulfite spent liquors and an upper coating layer of PF-115 enamel applied to a rusty surface. Using the gravimetric method and the method of polarization curves, we found that sulfite spent liquors inhibit steel corrosion in an acidic environment. We found that the P-2 rust modifier with an addition of lye + piperidine is the most effective inhibitor of steel rusting.

No abstract