The main task of studies on adaptation of healthy humans to the environment is understanding the concrete mechanisms of adaptive reactions [1]. Study of the adaptive changes in physiological systems of the human body during its functioning in various pressurized volumes presumably requires analysis of the mutual influences of the processes that take place in the biotechnosocial system formed by the human and the isolated environment. The results of this analysis may be of practical interest for medical monitoring during piloted spaceflights and improvement of methods for preventing an unfavorable impact of microgravity and other anthropogenically significant factors of space missions, especially when this impact is prolonged [2,3].Parameters of thermal homeostasis (THS) of the human body have long been considered theoretically as a criterion for universal evaluation of the metabolic cost of adaptive states [4][5][6][7][8]. However, only a very few studies of THS have been carried out in space and in fullscale ground tests that simulate the physiological effects of microgravity and other extreme conditions, including tests with prolonged isolation of subjects [4,7,9].Researchers of the Institute of Biomedical Problems have developed a method of psychophysiological monitoring (PPM) and used it to detect correlations among the changes in several indices of the state of the body during its adaptation to antiorthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH), isolation, and orbital flights [3]. THS indices were studied under conditions of real and simulated weightlessness using autothermometry performed with digital thermometers [6,[8][9][10][11][12]. The results obtained in a ground test complex (90-135 days, N = 6) demonstrated that THS parameters of healthy humans isolated in a pressurized volume differed considerably from those observed under normal conditions; in addition, they were not identical to those found in astronauts under real weightlessness conditions or in volunteers observed under conditions of ANOH (immersion).Our purpose was to compare the patterns of phasic structure of adaptation of healthy humans detected by PPM and thermotopometry during 240-day isolation under the SFINCSS-99 program.Abstract -Psychophysiological (PPM) and thermal homeostasis monitoring independently detected four phases of human ( N = 4) adaptation to prolonged isolation in a simulator of the Mir station. The results, which reflected adaptive reactions in different functional systems of the body, were compared using identical methods of analysis of variance and correlation and factor analyses with two independent versions of the division of 240-day isolation into phases. In spite of the manifestly individual character of temperature ( T ) responses, the significance of phasic differences of eight thermal homeostasis (THS) parameters was high, especially in the case of the combined effect of the factors phase and individuality on rectal T and the chest-foot T gradient at the level of basal metabolism. The similarity of patterns of changes in PPM an...
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