The ABC community strongly calls for clinical trials addressing important unanswered clinical questions in this setting, and not just for regulatory purposes. Clinical trials should continue to be performed, even after approval of a new treatment, providing real world performance of the therapy. Expert opinionVoters: 43 Yes: 100%Every advanced breast cancer patient must have access to optimal cancer treatment and supportive care according to the highest standards of patient centered care, as defined by:Open communication between patients and their cancer care teams as a primary goal.Educating patients about treatment options and supportive care, through development and dissemination of evidencebased information in a clear, culturally appropriate form. Encouraging patients to be proactive in their care and to share decision-making with their health care providers.Empowering patients to develop the capability of improving their own quality of life within their cancer experience. Always taking into account patient preferences, values and needs as essential to optimal cancer care. Expert opinion Voters: 44 Yes: 100% We strongly recommend the use of objective scales, such as the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale or the ASCO Value Framework, to evaluate the real magnitude of benefit provided by a new treatment and help prioritize funding, particularly in countries with limited resources. Expert opinion Voters: 40 Yes: 87.5% (35) Abstain: 5% (2) The use of telemedicine oncology to help management of patients with ABC living in remote places, is an important option to consider when geographic distances are a problem and provided that issues of connectivity are solved. Expert opinion Voters: 42 Yes: 92.8% (39) Abstain: 4.7% (2) Strong consideration should be given to the use of validated PROMs (patient-reported outcome measures) for patients to record the symptoms of disease and side effects of treatment experienced as a regular part of clinical care. These PROMs should be simple, and user-friendly to facilitate their use in clinical practice, and thought needs to be given to the easiest collection platform, e.g. tablets or smartphones. Systematic monitoring would facilitate communication between patients and their treatment teams by better characterizing the toxicities of all anticancer therapies. This would permit early intervention of supportive care services enhancing quality of life 1 C Voters: 39 Yes: 87.1% (34) Abstain: 5.1% (2)As survival is improving in many patients with ABC, consideration of survivorship issues should be part of the routine care of these patients. Health professionals should therefore be ready to change and adapt treatment strategies to disease status, treatment adverse effects and quality of life, patients' priorities and life plans. Attention to chronic needs for home and family care, job and social requirements, should be incorporated in the treatment planning and periodically updated. Expert opinion Voters: 40 Yes: 95% (38) Abstain: 5% (2) ABC patients who desire to work or need to w...

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Evidence before this study: Acute appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency in children. Its diagnosis remains challenging and children presenting with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain may be admitted for clinical observation or undergo normal appendicectomy (removal of a histologically normal appendix). A search for external validation studies of risk prediction models for acute appendicitis in children was performed on MEDLINE and Web of Science on 12 January 2017 using the search terms ["appendicitis" OR "appendectomy" OR "appendicectomy"] AND ["score" OR "model" OR "nomogram" OR "scoring"]. Studies validating prediction models aimed at differentiating acute appendicitis from all other causes of RIF pain were included. No date restrictions were applied. Validation studies were most commonly performed for the Alvarado, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score (AIRS), and Paediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) models. Most validation studies were based on retrospective, single centre, or small cohorts, and findings regarding model performance were inconsistent. There was no high quality evidence to guide selection of the optimum model and threshold cutoff for identification of low-risk children in the UK and Ireland. Added value of this study: Most children admitted to hospital with RIF pain do not undergo surgery. When children do undergo appendicectomy, removal of a normal appendix (normal appendicectomy) is common, occurring in around 1 in 6 children. The Shera score is able to identify a large low-risk group of children who present with acute RIF pain but do not have acute appendicitis (specificity 44%). This low-risk group has an overall 1 in 30 risk of acute appendicitis and a 1 in 270 risk of perforated appendicitis. The Shera score is unable to achieve a sufficiently high positive predictive value to select a high-risk group who should proceed directly to surgery. Current diagnostic performance of ultrasound is also too poor to select children for surgery. Implications of all the available evidence: Routine pre-operative risk scoring could inform shared decision making by doctors, children, and parents by supporting safe selection of lowrisk patients for ambulatory management, reducing unnecessary admissions and normal appendicectomy. Hospitals should ensure seven-day-a-week availability of ultrasound for medium and high-risk patients. Ultrasound should be performed by operators trained to assess for acute appendicitis in children. For children in whom diagnostic uncertainty remains following ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or low-dose computed tomography (CT) are second-line investigations.