currently, the active investigation of hydrosphere is carried out with the use of various stationary and mobile underwater vehicles. In many situations, wireless communication is required between these devices. Today this problem is solved with the use of acoustic and radio waves, as a rule, the low frequency range. The main disadvantages of both acoustic and radio lines are: low speed of information transmission and high power consumption. The use of underwater (hydrosphere) communication lines as carriers of electromagnetic oscillations of the optical range can significantly increase the transmission speed, reduce power consumption while reducing the weight and size of the receiving and transmitting modules. The analysis of the literature, which deals with theoretical and technical problems and problems arising in the design of underwater optical communication lines (UWOL), showed that the estimates of the potential range and transmission speed differ significantly from one author to another. Some sources do not clearly define the conditions for measurements and computational experiments. In this regard, the question arises about the construction of a universal methodology for assessing the potential characteristics of UWOL. The purpose of this work is to build a methodology for assessing the potential characteristics of the UWOL, which takes into account the main factors affecting the transmission distance of information in the UWOL only from the energy point of view. Dispersion properties of the hydrosphere affecting the transfer rate are not taken into account in the model. Novelty: the novelty of the presented technique is the possibility of assessing the potential range of communication for both horizontal and vertical routes, and taking into account the influence of the characteristics of the element base (lasers, photodetectors) on the parameters of the UWOL. The technique also takes into account the possibility of changing the vertical profile of the refractive indices of the aquatic environment and the concentration of chlorophyll, which allows to estimate the potential range of GLS for different geographical points of the ocean.
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