It is well known that the main parts of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are build from ceramic materials. Namely the ceramic materials and composites, used for SOFCs manufacturing, are objects of the overview in the present work. The analysis carried out covers the last current publications in the field discussed. Special attention and examination in details have been done on patents state-of-the-art. After a background and short classification of the ceramic SOFCs materials the attention is focused on cathode, electrolyte, anode, interconnection and sealing materials. Their requirements, structure, thermal stability, composition control and behavior, processing and performance are the object of overview. A correlation has been made between the phase diagrams oxygen incorporation and transport, and SOFC advantages, generally for materials of lanthanum-base perovskite family. In order to analyze the innovative investigations regarding the patent branch of the SOFCs development and application, an object of review was patents from Japan, USA, Germany and European Union. Some examples of the inventions with accent on the ceramic materials are shown. In addition the tendency regarding R & D activities of SOFCs development materials from the leading companies in the world is analyzed. On the base of the most important technological and economical parameters of cell cathode/electrolyte/anode materials an attempt for evaluation and correlation has been made and innovative conceptions are shown. Key words: Ceramic materials, SOFCs, current analysis, patent status, cathodes, electrolytes, anodes, lanthanum -base perovskites, phase diagrams Materiales cerámicos para SOFCs: Situación actualEs bien sabido que los componentes principales de las celdas de combustible de óxido sólido (SOFCs) estan constituidos por materiales cerámicos. Dichos materiales cerámicos y materiales compuestos que se utilizan en la fabricación de SOFCs son objeto de estudio en el presente trabajo. El análisis llevado a cabo incluye la revisión de las últimas publicaciones en la materia, con una especial atención y examen minucioso sobre las patentes más relevantes. Después de una revisión y breve clasificación de los materiales SOFCs cerámicos, el estudio se centra en la descripción del cátodo, electrolito y ánodo, así como de la unión y materiales de sellado. También se han estudiado sus requisitos, estructura, estabilidad térmica, control composicional y de comportamiento, procesado y rendimiento. Se ha establecido una correlación entre los diagramas de fase de incorporación y transporte de oxígeno y las ventajas de los SOFC, generalmente para materiales de la familia de las perovsquitas basadas en lantano. Con el fin de analizar las investigaciones innovadoras que conciernen al campo del desarrollo y aplicación de SOFCs, se han revisado patentes de Japón, Estados Unidos, Alemania y la Unión Europea. Se dan algunos ejemplos de dichas patentes en las que destaca el papel de los materiales cerámicos. Además, se ha analizado la tendencia en actividades...
No abstract
Studies on thermal decomposition of ceramic powder with a general formula of (La 1-x Ba x ) (Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 )O 3 have been achieved. Precursors as nitrate solutions with additive of EDTA as complexion agent are used for powder processing. The black powders obtained are dried and their thermal evolution up to 1000¼C has been investigated by Differential Thermal Analysis. The powders was analyzed by EDX and ICP-AES, as well. It was established that the powder compositions are very close to the nominal one. The resulting DTA, TA, TG and DTG curves are analyzed as function of the composition and heating rate applied. At polythermal scanning regime three regions the powder thermal evolution are discussed. The correlation dependence has been examined for both Sr-and Ba-doped multicomponent lanthanide samples. The multicomponent nature of the samples have been shown on the base of the thermal treatment applied and XRD phase control carried out. Key words: thermal decomposition, lanthanum perovskites Evoluci-n tŽrmica de precursores de nitratos para el procesado de perovskitas de lant ‡nidosSe han realizado estudios sobre la descomposici-n tŽrmica de polvos cer ‡micos de f-rmula general (La 1-x Ba x ) (Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 )O 3 . Se utilizaron como precursores soluciones de nitratos con EDTA como agente acomplejante. La evoluci-n tŽrmica de el polvo negro obtenido se estudi-hasta la temperatura de 1000 ¼C por medio de an ‡lisis tŽrmico diferencial. Los polvos se analizaron as' mismo por EDX e ICP-A ES. Se estableci-que la composici-n de los polvos esta muy pr-xima a la composici-n nominal. Se distingue tres regimenes en la evoluci-n tŽrmica. Se examina la dependencia con el contenido en lantanidas multicomponentes de pulsos con Sr y Ba. La naturaleza multicomponente se ha mostrado sobre la base de el tratamiento tŽrmico empleado y el an ‡lisis de las fases cristalinas.Palabras clave: descomposici-n tŽrmica, perovskitas de lant ‡nidos.
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