Intramammary infusion of LPS caused changes in both behavioral and physiologic variables in lactating dairy cows. Time spent lying, eating, and chewing cud were negatively correlated with physiologic responses in cows. Evaluation of behavior patterns may provide an ancillary measure, along with evaluation of physiologic variables, for monitoring well-being, clinical responses, and recovery from acute clinical mastitis.
Dedicated to my wonderful parents, Stanley and Leigh Pempek, for their unconditional love and support and for always encouraging me to reach for the stars. They are forever in my heart, my mind, and my determination to succeed. v Acknowledgements Many people have contributed to the success of this project and to the writing of this thesis; I am indebted to them all. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Eastridge, for recognizing my abilities and being such a wonderful mentor. I am extremely grateful for the many opportunities that he has provided and for his patience, support, and guidance throughout my academic career. Without his encouragement, I would not have been able to accomplish what I have thus far. I would also like to thank the other talented members of my graduate committee, Drs. Naomi Botheras and Candace Croney. To Dr. Botheras, I am so thankful for her professional wisdom, as well as her guidance and friendship. I am blessed to have had the opportunity to work with her throughout my educational career. I also offer thanks to Dr. Croney, for whom I have great respect both personally and professionally, for serving on my committee and for her assistance throughout this process. I have truly been in the company of greatness! I could not have accomplished such a great task without the cooperation of Twin Oak Dairy, especially to Teun and Anja Verhoeven for allowing the use of their calves and facility. I also give many thanks to Chris Stoughton and Nathan Morrison for their dedication and the many hours of labor they invested into this project. I really enjoyed working with you! I extend my gratitude to the faculty, staff, and graduate students of the vi Department of Animal Sciences for making my time at The Ohio State University so enjoyable. First, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Whitney Bowen, who not only guided me with her friendship and support, but also devoted herself to this project as if it were her own. I will cherish the many memories made and the laughs we shared while working together on this project. I also give many thanks to Stephanie Neal and Danni Ye for assistance with the collection of the data for this study. They did an exemplary job and without their help, this project would not have been remotely possible. I must also express gratitude to my fellow graduate students: Sara Crawford, Josie Plank, and Julie Serr. I am eternally grateful for all of their scientific advice, moral support, and newfound friendships. I also wish to thank my parents, Leigh and Stanley Pempek, who have been unwavering in their support and unconditional love. By example, they instilled in me a sense of integrity, a strong work ethic, and impressed on me the values of knowledge and wisdom. Also, my devoted sister, Angalena Zucco, deserves much gratitude for supporting me through this endeavor. She has always listened and offered advice through the difficult times and helped me celebrate my successes. Thank you for being my voice of reason and number one fan. Lastly,...
Human interactions, particularly negative ones, affect the behaviour and physiology of laying hens, with possible implications for bird productivity and welfare. The present experiment investigated the effects of handling on the behaviour and plasma corticosterone concentrations of laying hens. A 2 × 2 × 3 factorial design was used to study the following three main effects: human contact during rearing [an additional 12 min of human contact per day (AC) or no additional contact (MC) during rearing]; handling quality in adulthood [brief daily exposure to positive (+ve) or negative (–ve) visual contact with a human]; and handling proximity in adulthood [handling-quality treatment (+ve or –ve) imposed at the following three distances from the birds: Near, 0–45 cm; Middle, 45–75 cm, or Far, 75–105 cm]. AC during rearing resulted in reduced avoidance behaviour of humans during adulthood, whereas handling imposed at the Far level resulted in greater avoidance behaviour than did handling at the Near or Middle level. The quality of the handling (+ve or –ve) had little effect on avoidance behaviour; however, there was a trend (P = 0.07) for hens receiving +ve handling to have a lower corticosterone response to human contact than those receiving –ve handling. These results demonstrate that visual human contact can influence the avoidance behaviour of laying hens.
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