In order to compare the hypocholesterolsemic effect of some cereals and cereal products, experiments were carried out with albino rats fed the above diet with 25% of the cereal to be studied incorporated at the expense of an equal amount of wheat starch. The products under investigation were fed to rats also in combination with whole milk powder, mixed in the same ratio as used for human consumption in the Netherlands, and incorporated in the diet at a level of 25%.Each of the diets was fed ad libitum to a group of 12 newly weaned albino rats (6 males and 6 females) for an experimental period of four weeks. Thereafter total blood-cholesterol of the individual animals was determined by the method of Carr and Drekter.1 To improve the reliability of the results the complete series of diets was tested three times in succession in the same way.The mean values for serum-cholesterol are given in table I as a percentage of the mean value of the control group.
In a metabolic ward 12 healthy male subjects consumed mixed Western (M), lacto-ovovegetarian (L), and vegan (V) diets in a randomized order for 20 d each. The concentrations of deoxycholic acid, isolithocholic acid, and total bile acids in 4-d composites of feces on the L and V diets were significantly lower than on the M diet. The chenodeoxycholic-to-isolithocholic plus lithocholic acid ratio was significantly higher on the V diet. The concentrations of coprostanol and of coprostanol plus cholesterol were highest on M diet and lowest on V diet. The number of fecal lactobacilli and enterococci on the V diet was significantly lower than on the M or the L diets. This study showed a decrease in the concentration of fecal (secondary) bile acids by the L and the V diets and an alteration of the fecal flora composition by the V diet.
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