Abstract:Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant taxon in continental aquatic fauna. However, knowledge of their distribution in Brazilian ecosystems is still incomplete and fragmented. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop an inventory of aquatic oligochaetes in the Extractive Reserve of Lake Cuniã in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. Collections of data were performed during the dry (August 2015) and rainy seasons (February 2016). The sediment samples were collected near the lakeside region using the kick sampling method and a kick-net sampler (mesh size of 0.25mm). This paper provides a catalog with 12 taxon from a total of 383 specimens, distributed into two families: Naididae (95.08%) and Opistocystidae (4.92%). The Pristininae subfamily was the most significant (85.68%), followed by subfamilies: Naidinae (8.36%), Tubificinae (0.52%) and Rhyacondrilinae (0.52%). In addition, some species such as Allonais inaequalis, Aulophorus furcatus, Dero nivea, Pristina synclites, Pristina menoni and Opistocysta serrata, were recorded for the first time in the Brazilian Amazon region. Therefore, the results of this study contribute to increase knowledge on the distribution of the Oligochaeta class in Brazil, particularly in the North of the country, which is so extensive and rich in water resources, but not extensively studied. Keywords

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The aim of this paper was recording the occurrence of the species Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Lumbriculidae) in lotic systems of the State of São Paulo. Specimens were collected in Sapucaí River, located in Campos do Jordão State Park. The mapping of geographical distribution of this species is of interest to public health since L. variegatus may be an intermediate host of Dioctophyme renale (Goeze, 1782) (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae), a parasite of recognized zoonotic potential. Distribution data serves as a basis for environmental monitoring and evaluation, being essential to map possible cases of the disease (Dioctophimosis) and provide information to health professionals.

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Introdução: O Brasil apresenta uma grande extensão territorial que por sua vez sustenta uma grande riqueza e abundância de espécies. Entretanto tais organismos correm sérios riscos de extinção devido as alterações trazidas pelo Novo Código Florestal. Objetivos: O presente trabalho discute os possíveis impactos do cômputo da área de preservação permanente (APP) na reserva legal (RL) para a biodiversidade, além de buscar demonstrar a incidência do retrocesso em matéria ambiental, a partir dos conceitos jurídicos e científicos e de um ensaio sobre o impacto da inserção da APP na área de RL para a preservação das espécies, tendo como base o artigo 15o do novo Código Florestal. Materiais e Métodos: O levantamento bibliográfico para o desenvolvimento deste estudo consistiu em buscas no banco de dados “Google Acadêmico” no período de 2011 a 2013. Os trabalhos selecionados para análise tinham como foco principal legislações, jurisprudências e consequências das alterações trazidas pelo Novo Código Florestal. Resultados: Verificou-se que as alterações trazidas no código acarretam a perda de biodiversidade advinda da diminuição da área de proteção proveniente do cômputo da APP na área da RL, o que coloca em risco o mosaico de espaços ecossistêmicos de proteção mínima para conferir sustentabilidade às propriedades rurais. Conclusão: Portanto, se fazem necessários debates nas esferas populares e científicas para elaboração de uma Lei que atenda às necessidades sociais e ambientais. Sobretudo, que o Poder Legislativo leve em consideração os conhecimento e discussões gerados pela sociedade e meios acadêmicos ao aprovar uma alteração legislativa. Introduction: Brazil has a great territorial extension that in turn sustains a great richness and abundance of species. However, these organisms are in serious danger of extinction due to changes brought about by the New Brazilian Forest Code. Objectives: In this way, the present paper discusses the possible impacts of the Permanent Preservation Area (PPA) on the Legal Reserve (LR) area for biodiversity, besides to demonstrate the incidence of retrogression in environmental matters, based on legal and scientific concepts and an essay on the impact of the insertion of PPA on the LR area for the preservation of species, based on Article 15o of the new Brazilian Forest Code. Materials and Methods: The bibliographical survey for development of this study consisted of searches in the "Google Scholar" database from 2011 to 2013. The papers selected for analysis had as main focus legislation, jurisprudence and consequences of the changes brought by the New Brazilian Forest Code. Results: It was verified that the changes brought in the code lead to the loss of biodiversity resulting from the reduction of the area of ??protection from the computation of PPA in the LR area, which puts at risk the mosaic of ecosystems of minimal protection to give sustainability to the rural properties. Conclusion: Therefore, debates are necessary in popular and scientific spheres to elaborate a Law that meets social and environmental needs. Above all, the Legislative Power should take into account the knowledge and discussions generated by society and academic circles in approving a legislative amendment.