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Bandwidth allocation during upstream transmission is crucial to determine the efficiency and performance of a XG-PON. For XG-PON, bandwidth assignment is done based on T-CONT which represents a traffic class as per ITU recommendation. DBA scheme used in this paper is based on CBU to assign bandwidth to ONUs based on the T-CONT supporting QoS as per SLA. In this paper, CATV traffic is used as traffic generator which used for generation of Ethernet frames and results showed expected trend of mean upstream delay for traffic class T2, T3 and T4 as compared to recommended value which is below 1.5ms. These results prove that CBU can also be implemented on real time traffic.

The current techniques to extract building footprints frequently involve Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), as well as satellite images. The UAV is proposed to acquire aerial imagery in this study as it is more efficient, time-efficient, and inexpensive, especially for small budget projects. Hence, this study evaluated the building footprints from different UAV platforms. The objectives of this study are to perform the different UAV image processing of building footprints using fixed-wing UAV and multi-rotor UAV, as well as to analyse the outcomes of building footprints from different UAV platforms with existing layout plans. The methodology begins with a preliminary study, and continued with acquisition of data via UAV, data processing, and lastly, analyses of the outcome from different platforms. Based on the analysis in terms of area, the accuracy gained by using multi rotor UAV had been better than that for fixed wing UAV with area difference of 13.648 <em>m² </em>compared to 18.091 <em>m²</em>. Lastly, it can be summarised that the area displayed better results with multi rotor UAV, in comparison to the area obtained by using fixed wing UAV. Thus, it is recommended for future studies to use other UAV platforms and other methods for extraction of building footprints, such as orthoimages and digital elevation model.

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