Background: Selecting wheat varieties with allelopathic potential or high competitiveness against weeds is a sustainable solution for organic farming to eliminate the use of synthetic herbicides. Wheat is one of the most economically important crops. This study focuses on screening the allelopathic or competitive potential of four wheat cultivars, Maurizio, NS 40S, Adesso and Element, on two weeds of interest due to acquired herbicide resistance, Portulaca oleracea and Lolium rigidum, through germination and growth bioassays and the identification and quantification of benzoxazinoids (BXZs) and polyphenols (phenolic acids and flavonoids).Results: The different cultivars showed different abilities to manage surrounding weeds and different capacity to exude or accumulate specialized metabolites in the presence of those weeds. Furthermore, each cultivar behaved differently depending on the weed present in the medium. The most efficient cultivar to control the tested monocot and dicot weeds was Maurizio, as it effectively controlled germination and growth of L. rigidum and P. oleracea while exuding large amounts of benzoxazinones through the roots, especially the hydroxamic acids 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and dihydroxy-2H-1,-4-benzoxaxin-3(4H)-one. By contrast, NS 40S, Adesso and Element showed the potential to control the growth of just one of the two weeds through allelopathy or competition.Conclusion: This study reveals that Maurizio is the most promising wheat cultivar for sustainable weed control, and that the screening of crop varieties with allelopathic potential, which results in the displacement of synthetic herbicides, is an immediate solution in ecological and sustainable agriculture.

El trabajo presentado expone los beneficios que la tarea de inventar problemas aporta a la construcción del conocimiento matemático y a su éxito educativo. Se señalan como factores positivos de dicha tarea el aumento del conocimiento matemático, la motivación y la creatividad, la disminución de la ansiedad hacia las matemáticas, la superación de errores matemáticos y la posibilidad de que el profesorado la utilice como instrumento evaluador. Se justifica la pertinencia de indagar en el campo de la invención de problemas a partir de una doble vía: las investigaciones realizadas en Educación Matemática y las directrices que marcan diferentes documentos curriculares. Este artículo presenta algunos de los estudios más relevantes que se han realizado hasta el momento donde se relaciona la invención de problemas por escolares con campos como la resolución de problemas, la instrucción, la tecnología, la evaluación y los métodos de enseñanza. Palabras clave: problemas, invención de problemas, invención de problemas por escolares, Educación Matemática.