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In 6 series of patients with acute dissecting aneurysms of the aorta reported during 1970-1979, the best results were obtained by intensive drug therapy initially to correct hypertension and stabilize the patient, then diagnosis by aortography, and then surgical repair for Type A aneurysms involving the ascending aorta, and drug therapy alone for Type B aneurysms involving the descending thoracic aorta. Using this plan of treatment, mortality rates were 30% in patients with Type A dissections (surgical therapy) and 20% in those with Type B dissections (drug thera-PY).