In the development of materials for enhanced photovoltaic (PV) performance, it is critical to have quantitative knowledge of both their initial performance and their performance over the required 25-year warranted lifetime of the PV system. Lifetime and degradation science, based on an environmental stress and response framework, is being developed to link the intensity and net stress to which materials, components, and systems are exposed to the responses observed and their subsequent degradation and damage accumulation over the lifetime. Induced absorbance to dose (IAD), a metric developed for solar radiation durability studies of solar and environmentally exposed materials, is defined as the rate of photodarkening or photobleaching of a material as a function of radiation dose. Quantitative degradation rates like IAD, determined over a wide range of stress intensities and net stresses, have the potential to predict degradation, failure, and power loss rates in photovoltaic systems over time caused by damage accumulation. Two grades of poly(methyl methacrylate) were exposed and evaluated in two cases of highintensity ultraviolet exposures. A three-to six-fold increase in photodarkening was observed for one acrylic formulation when exposed to UVA-340 light when compared with concentrated xenon-arc exposure. The other, more highly stabilized acrylic formulation, showed up to three times more photodarkening in the same exposure. Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response framework . Downloaded From: http://photonicsforenergy.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/14/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Murray, Bruckman, and French: Photodegradation in a stress and response fram...
Mirror augmented photovoltaic (MAPV) systems utilize low cost mirrors to couple more light into a photovoltaic (PV) absorber. By increasing the light absorbed, they are expected to produce less expensive electricity. As a substrate candidate for back surface reflector mirrors, two grades of PMMA have been exposed to UV stress from two sources at two intensities for two doses in an effort to see the response of materials under different states of stress and after exposure to different amounts of total stress. By developing a framework for correlating stresses, such as short wave ultraviolet radiation, with responses, such as induced absorbance and yellowing, mirror durability we have made progress in developing lifetime and degradation science using mirror durability as a case study. All of the samples showed similarities in their degradation characteristics. The UV stress acceleration factor was quantized as 10.2 in short wave ultraviolet irradiance, and 15.8 in total shortwave UV dose. The effects of UV absorbers in protecting the polymer from degradation are discussed. Further study into degradation mechanisms will elucidate the exact phenomena that contribute to these material responses to stress.
In the development of materials for enhanced photovoltaic (PV) performance, it is critical to have quantitative knowledge of the initial performance, as well as the performance of these materials over the required 25-year lifetime of the PV system. Lifetime and degradation science (L&DS) allows for the development of new metrology and metrics, coupled to degradation mechanisms and rates. All PV systems are exposed to multifactor and cyclic environmental stressors including solar irradiance, temperature and humidity which can cause degradation over time. A stress and response framework is being used to link the intensity and accumulation of damaging environmental stressors to changes in materials properties. This allows for determination of appropriate techniques for accelerating environmental stressors, and also allows determination of the effects of stressors at multiple service conditions. Induced absorbance to dose (IAD), a new metric being developed for solar radiation durability studies of solar and environmentally exposed materials, is defined as the rate of photodarkening or photobleaching of a material as a function of total absorbed solar radiation dose. Yellowing rates, the change in ASTM E313 Yellowness Index as a function of absorbed dose, of two grades of acrylic poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) have been reported. IAD spectra for two formulations of acrylic PMMA are reported.
In the development of novel materials for enhanced photovoltaic (PV) performance, it is critical to have quantitative knowledge of the initial performance, as well as the performance of these materials over the required 25-year lifetime of the PV system. Lifetime and degradation science (L&DS) allows for the development of new metrology and metrics, coupled to degradation mechanisms and rates. Induced absorbance to dose (IAD), a new metric being developed for solar radiation durability studies of solar and environmentally exposed photovoltaic materials, is defined as the rate of photodarkening or photobleaching of a material as a function of total absorbed solar radiation dose. In a reliability engineering framework, these quantitative degradation rates can be determined at various solar irradiances making possible real time and accelerated testing. The potential to predict power losses in a photovoltaic system over time caused by the accumulation of this kind of degradation can be calculated for real time applications or extrapolated for accelerated exposure conditions. Three formulations of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) used for mirror augmented PV systems were analyzed for the changes in IAD after accelerated testing.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.