The article is devoted to the study of the current problems of administrative and legal regulation of public relations regarding the use of human resources in Ukraine. The problematic aspects of the functioning of the legal mechanism of the public administration in this area are identified and the main directions of its improvement are identified. The authors state that currently one of the key problems of the interaction between the individual and the State is the uncertainty and imbalance of certain components of the legal regulation of this area, the inadequate interaction of the elements of this system. In this regard, proposals have been made to improve the legal and organizational support for the interaction of the issues of administrative and legal regulation of public relations on the use of human resources in Ukraine. It concludes on the desirability of passing a law on general administrative procedure in the field of legal regulation of administrative services in Ukraine, in order to eliminate gaps in relations between public administration bodies (including municipalities) and individuals, highlighted the prospects of widespread application of the e-government practitioner.
The purpose of this article is to enhance the measures to prevent criminal offenses against participants in criminal proceedings by clarifying the determinants of victimhood, highlighting the relevant typical features of victims. It was found that the victimhood of participants in criminal proceedings is characterized by a combination of personal behavioral qualities and special status, which interact with external factors and may be manifested simultaneously in a complex fashion and with different interpretations. Victim-forming factors of participants in criminal proceedings are singled out—a set of socio-psychological and biophysiologicalproperties, behavioral attitudes and personal characteristics, and external conditions. To develop effectiveprevention measures, the main types of victims—participants in criminal proceedings—are identified: victimsinvolved in criminal proceedings (witness, victim, suspect (accused), defense counsel, legal representative, expert, specialist, etc.) and victims—professional participants in criminal proceedings (investigator, coroner,prosecutor, judge, expert). The essence of professional victimhood is determined, which can be characterized by the absence of provocative manifestations, and the identification of the participants in criminal proceedings by the authorities, which causes in a certain category of persons the desire to come into conflict with them.The factors that cause increased victimization are highlighted.
The article makes a meaningful analysis of the scientific works and the rules of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine, which define the concept of testimony as a procedural source of evidence in criminal proceedings, its methods of obtaining, verifying, and evaluating. The legislative regulations and procedural procedure for the judicial interrogation of participants in criminal proceedings have been studied. Attention is paid to certain innovations in legislation that require scientific understanding, interpretation, and choice of appropriate tactics by a defense attorney, prosecutor, and judge. The methodological basis of the article is the complex application of general methods and special methods of scientific knowledge in its relationship, selected considering the purpose and objectives of the study, its object and theme. By way of conclusion, the proposals and recommendations of an organizational and tactical nature are based, aimed at improving police practice to address the existing problems of obtaining, verifying, and evaluating testimonies in the evidentiary process.
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