At the current stage, developed economies are able to implement measures to improve energy efficiency. At the same time, the developing economies mostly focus on rapid development, which implies a rapid increase in energy demand. The introduction of innovative technologies should meet the energy needs of economies while simultaneously improving energy efficiency. In particular, this applies to increasing renewable energy consumption. The development of this sector can be accelerated through the introduction of Industry 4.0. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of Industry 4.0 on modelling energy scenarios of developing economies. The research involved methods of analysis and synthesis, economic and statistical analysis, graphical methods, and the comparison. The study revealed a high impact of Industry 4.0 on the Ukrainian economy, in particular energy sector. Among other things, an improved energy efficiency is the result of such impact. It was determined that renewable energy consumption in Ukraine increased significantly by 11.5 times during the studied period. The differences in the energy development of Ukraine and China are outlined: China has chosen energy independence. It was concluded that the development and implementation of the latest technologies play a significant role in energy scenarios. The timing of achieving the goals are the main difference in energy scenarios between developed countries and developing countries. The prospect of further research should be the determining means of measuring the impact of uncertainty on the energy modelling.
The subject of the study is the current features of freshwater management in European countries and experience for Ukraine. Methodology. The study used general scientific methods, in particular: theoretical generalization; methods of positive and normative analysis and statistical analysis. The goal is to study the European experience in freshwater management and adapt it for Ukraine. Research conclusion. An analysis of the water supply of European households has been carried out and it has been found that there is no "water stress" under such conditions. However, with the global water scarcity resulting from population growth and urbanization, particularly tourism, in recent years, negative factors have particularly affected water use in small Mediterranean islands and in densely populated areas. To stabilize this situation, EU member states have been asked to report on each of the monitoring stations that have been removed from their monitoring network, the reason for such removal and the alternative stations installed in case of persistent pollution. It was found that trends can be calculated for 83% of groundwater stations (so far only 20% in Sweden) and 75% of surface water stations (but less than 50% for Greece, Hungary, Latvia, Malta, Slovakia and Sweden). The importance of freshwater and seawater remediation measures by EU Member States under Directive 24 to reduce the impact of eutrophication caused by nitrates or phosphorus is stressed. It was found that European integration strategies in the field of environmental protection are characterized by improving water quality and water management; environmental management and integration of environmental policies; ensuring air quality; waste management; reducing the use of genetically modified organisms. It is justified that to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the environmental component (natural environment) in the Association Agreement, the authors will analyze Ukraine on the index of environmental performance (The Environmental Performance Index), which provides a quantitative basis for comparison, analysis and understanding of environmental indicators in 180 countries.
these negative factors and for the successful development of the industry, it is necessary to maintain the competitiveness of products on the global and domestic markets by improving the quality and reliability of the products. references
Мета. Метою виконаного дослідження є аналіз і систематизація факторів, які впливають на розвиток аграрних підприємств на основі технологій е-комерції. Для досягнення цієї мети виконано експертне дослідження на предмет ідентифікації переліку факторів і встановлення їхньої відносної значущості; виділено структурні компоненти, які є спільними для усіх факторів, і застосовано кластерний аналіз для побудови кластеру факторів і дендриту; класифіковано фактори й побудовано метод урахування факторів під час формування обґрунтованих управлінських рішень. Методологія / методика / підхід. Під час виконаного дослідження застосовано метод експертних оцінок, а саме метод анкетування для збору первинної інформації, необхідної для ідентифікування переліку факторів і встановлення їх відносної значущості. Для виявлення характеру зв’язків між факторами та їх групування застосовано кластерний аналіз (метод куль, специфікацію clast_izomorf_trec ППП Microsoft Excel) і структурно-процесний науковий підхід, що надало можливість побудувати кластери і дендрит факторів. Для формування класифікації факторів і формулювання сутності понять «потенціал факторів до зміни траєкторії умов, у яких формуються підприємницькі рішення» і «траєкторія зміни умов» застосовано системно-динамічний науковий підхід. Результати. Доведено, що на розвиток аграрних підприємств на основі технологій е-комерції впливає низка факторів, які доцільно класифікувати за змістом, характером, значущістю і структурною подібністю. Виділення цих класифікаційних ознак і відповідних їм груп факторів необхідне для уможливлення аналітичної обробки управлінської інформації. Ця інформація необхідна для прийняття управлінських рішень, що передбачають застосування технологій е-комерції. На відміну від інших, запропонована класифікація факторів побудована шляхом виявлення їхньої структурної подібності. Це стало підставою для введення в економічну науку понять «потенціал факторів до зміни траєкторії умов, у яких формуються підприємницькі рішення», «траєкторія зміни умов», а також розроблення методу урахування виділених факторів під час прийняття управлінських рішень. Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Уперше введено в економічну науку поняття «потенціал факторів до зміни траєкторії умов, у яких формуються підприємницькі рішення» і «траєкторія зміни умов». Ці поняття сформульовано на основі ідентифікування структурної подібності факторів і вимірювання ізоморфних відстаней між ними. У категоріально-понятійному апараті економічного аналізу ці поняття уточнюватимуть предмет параметризації факторів. Набули подальшого розвитку: а) класифікація факторів, які впливають на розвиток аграрних підприємств на основі технологій е-комерції, яка, на відміну від наявних, базується на виділенні класифікаційних ознак і, в їхніх межах, видів факторів; б) метод урахування факторів, який, відрізняється від наявних тим, що уточнює ізоморфну природу цих факторів і зв’язки між ними, що дозволяє параметризувати фактори й урахувати їх під час прийняття управлінських рішень. Практична цінність / значущість. Побудована класифікація факторів і, на її основі, метод урахування цих факторів під час формування управлінських рішень є прикладним інструментом вибору оптимального управлінського рішення з ряду альтернативних. Запропонована класифікація та побудований метод можуть бути застосовані для моделювання прикладних програмних продуктів у ролі специфікації наявних систем підтримки прийняття рішень.
Purpose. The paper deals with assessment of the ecological risks of pollution of soil at the sites where unusable plant protection chemicals are stored, and of the bottom sediments in the Ukrainian section of the Danube and in the Danube region lakes. Methodology. The applied analytical methods and synthesis of the data obtained while monitoring the studied objects, comparing data, logical generalization and analogies in combination with expert appraisals and monographic and graphical analytic studies. Findings. It was concluded that the condition of land resources of the Danube region of Ukraine is unsatisfactory. The risk of the soil ecosystem instability in the majority of the region areas is assessed as high. The monitoring data pertaining to the sites where unusable plant protection chemicals are stored indicate that the maximum permissible concentrations of certain pollutants surpass the standards by 5.032.0 times. The ecological condition of soils is assessed as medium bad while the risks are at the level varying between considerable to high. The ecological condition of bottom sediments in the Lower Danube is assessed as satisfactory, except in Kuhurlui, Yalpuh and Kytai Lakes where it is unsatisfactory. The ecological risk level in the Ukrainian section of the Danube and in the Danube region ranges from high to considerable. Originality. For the first time ever, for the Danube region of Ukraine a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risk of soil pollution, which included assessment of the risk of instability of the soil ecosystem resulting from storage of unusable plant protection chemicals, was performed. The integral assessment of the bottom sediment pollution was made for the site located between Reni town and the Danube estuary, and in Danube Lakes. Analysis of the existing methodologies for assessment of the ecological risk of soil and bottom sediment pollution enabled to develop and apply recommendations how to use indicator values describing the ecological condition with due account of the physical degradation and pollution criteria. Practical value. The obtained results can be used for the development of a strategy of effective and sustainable management of the Ukrainian Danube regions natural resources based upon the instruments and mechanisms aimed at solution of the social and economic development problems bearing in mind possible impact of the destabilizing factors.
Introduction. Restoration and cleaning of freshwater resources remains a fairly relevant issue both at the national level and in the world. The strategic goals of sustainable development remain providing clean water to all the population. There is water pollution, which is quite acutely puts in prior to humanity. The study of the current state of the innovative potential of freshwater resources and prospects of technological development in world trends are quite relevant and important. The purpose of the article is the process of studying the current state, regional features and prospects for the development of innovative potential of freshwater resources of Ukraine. The results. Analyzed, the current state of expenditures for innovation in the protection and rational use of freshwater resources. It is determined that the structure of protection costs and rational use of freshwater resources is divided into the costs of protection and rehabilitation of soil, underground and surface water, cleaning of reciprocal water and research work of environmental orientation. Analysis show that the largest share in 2020 in the structure of expenses occupy current expenses – 75,02%, with capital investments – 24,97%. The structure of capital investments amounted to 61,83% in defense and rehabilitation of soil, underground and surface water, 12,80% for the purification of reciprocal waters and 7.67% on research and research activities of environmental orientation. It is determined that the largest amount of capital investment was aimed at protecting and rehabilitation of soil, underground and surface waters – 2554224,5 thousand UAH and to clean reciprocity – 1578201,4 thousand UAH. Conclusions. It is substantiated that the costs are aimed at scientific research of environmental protection unreasonably insignificant in volumes. The analysis showed that during the last three years they did not exceed 0.3% of the total environmental expenses in Ukraine, this negatively affects the development and implementation of advanced innovation technologies in the sphere of resource conservation. It is determined that modern trends of technological development in the water and its purification can be: reverse osmosis (RO) of sea, brackish and river water – for the desalination of salty water; Nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, membrane bioreactors, microfiltration and disinfection – for water and sewage treatment. Keywords: freshwater resources, innovations, expenses, capital investments.
Introduction. In connection with European integration, Ukraine needs to study the global experience of managing freshwater resources and develop and implement legislative and regulatory documents by the Water Framework Directive. Accordingly, the adaptation of the international experience of working freshwater resources in the conditions of implementing the Water Framework Directive is among the main tasks of the research. At the same time, a number of its provisions are declarative; there are also problems with the norms related to the control mechanism of the Convention. The purpose of article is to substantiate the strategic vectors and critical imperatives of the innovative model of freshwater resources management. The results. It has been investigated that the effective management of freshwater resources is realized through the relevant management functions (planning, organization, regulation, motivation, and control), which collectively contribute to the realization of the defined goals of the development of the water complex, ensuring the balance of interests of all water users, as well as the sustainable use of the available potential both in the context of meeting the current needs of the population and the economy in the long-term prospective. The essence of each function, problems related to their implementation at the present stage, and optimization directions according to today's challenges are determined. Conclusions. It is substantiated that at the current stage of the national economy development in the context of global trends, environmental forecasts, and social challenges, the obvious and irreplaceable goal of managing freshwater resources is to ensure a balance between three vectors of sustainable development (economic, ecological and social), which are the triune imperative of state and regional policy in the field of development and protection, distribution and use of national resources. The implementation of the specified goal requires the result of a single strategy that will determine the primary imperatives of water policy, which are guidelines for decision-making at all levels, will create framework conditions and criteria for using the available water potential, and uniform rules for all participants in the water resources market. The water strategy should also become the basis for adapting regulatory and legal support and creating appropriate institutional and economic mechanisms for water resources management at all levels. Keywords: freshwater resources, innovations, sustainable development, strategic vectors
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.