The article is devoted to the study of congestion on city roads in Ukraine, which has significantly increased. Special attention is paid to city bus transport. The development of ecological public transport is the most effective method of combating harmful emissions. Today, hybrid, hydrogen, and electric technologies in road transport are considered to be such. The object of the study is the level of congestion of city roads in Ukraine and their assessment. The purpose of the work is to model the reduction of traffic jams and the development of ecological transport in megapoles of Ukraine. Research methods – statistical methods, mathematical modeling. An analysis of the level of congestion on the roads of the largest cities of Ukraine was carried out. The analysis of the development trends of urban passenger transport was carried out. An analysis of the traffic level of Ukrainian cities was carried out. A comparative analysis of the main advantages and disadvantages of electric cars over cars running on gasoline and diesel fuel was carried out. An analysis of the ways of development and use of electric buses in large cities of the developed countries of the world was carried out. On the basis of the analyzed data on the level of traffic jams in the cities-megapolises of Ukraine, it is proposed to optimize the routes and the structure of the rolling stock during linear operation in different seasons of the year, days of the week and hours of the day using a modular type of electric buses: an electric tractor and salons - electric trailers of different lengths and capacities: small, medium and large.
The article is devoted to the study of the level of air pollution in the street canyons of Kyiv and to determine the conditions under which the concentration of pollutants will exceed the maximum allowable values. Today, cities face a range of environmental problems, including air pollution. When determining the level of concentration using field research and mathematical modeling, which allows you to build fields of pollution and reflect their spatio-temporal dynamics. The object of research is the pollution level of city street canyons and their assessment. The purpose of the work is to model the level of pollution of the street and road network of Kyiv and to assess its ecological condition. Research methods – statistical methods, mathematical modeling. The main approaches to modeling the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere from road transport are analyzed. Modeling the level of air pollution in cities is advisable to carry out in homogeneous structures of the urban area – street canyons. The article defines the daily dynamics of the level of atmospheric air pollution in the street canyons of the Pechersky district of Kiev and establishes the critical values of the traffic flow intensity at which the concentration of pollutants exceeds the maximum permissible values. An interval assessment of the level of pollution of city streets is carried out, taking into account the variability of meteorological values. Thus, the obtained results will allow to quickly forecast the level of air pollution in the city and timely implement the necessary environmental measures. KEY WORDS: ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY, STREET ROAD NETWORK, TRANSPORT FLOWS, STREET CANYON, POLLUTION LEVEL, MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION.
Today, in conditions of increased competition, the company's advantages can be formed in any area of its activities. One of the promising areas of competitive advantage can be called the field of logistics, as a quality system of purchase and sale of goods can significantly minimize the costs of the enterprise and ensure the growth of its financial results. Effective logistics management is of particular importance for enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity, as the cost of logistics for such companies is higher compared to organizations operating exclusively in the domestic market. The article investigates the problems of management of the logistics system of the enterprise. The main scientific approaches to the management of the logistics system both in terms of classical management and from the standpoint of logistics are considered. The issue of strategic sourcing approach as an orderly process, covering all activities of the enterprise, which are part of the procurement cycle, from the development of product specifications to the receipt of finished goods and services and their payment is also considered. The article proposes an approach to improving the logistics of enterprises through the application of logistics concepts in its management and sourcing principles. The task is to generalize scientific views on the nature and sources of the benefits of effective management of logistics of the enterprise, to determine the conditions and general features of the mechanisms and the main directions of formation and implementation of effective management of MTZ in modern conditions. The object of study is the management system of logistics of the enterprise. The subject of the study is a set of theoretical and methodological principles and methods of management and organization that affect the management system of logistics of the enterprise. The practical significance of the obtained results is to substantiate the features of logistics management of the enterprise as an effective tool to ensure its competitiveness.KEYWORDS: INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAG
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