Providing rapid and safe traffic in cities requires the use of a set of planning and organizational measures. While the implementation of architectural-planning measures requires, except for significant investments, a quite long period, organizational measures can lead to a temporary but relatively rapid effect. For this purpose, an analysis of traffic flow metrics on the approaches to the intersection, traffic light cycle, and the traffic phasing is carried out. Conducted research indicates that left-turn flows cause significant delays and reduce traffic safety at the intersection. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of the crossroads needs redevelopment measures by restriction of the left-turn flows on the main road, change of the traffic flows phasing and optimizing the traffic light cycle. In the presence of adjacent intersections, the scheme of left turn realization is developed. The simulation of intersection functioning in existing conditions and under the change of left-turn flows movement organization is carried out in the PTV Vissim software environment. It is established that restriction of the left-turn flows at the controlled intersection allows to optimize the traffic light cycle and equip it so that the average delay for traffic flows will decrease in comparison with the current state.
The object of this study is a regulated intersection of city streets. The main task being solved is the reduction of queue lengths on approaches to such intersections by organizational measures. As a result of the research, patterns of change in queue lengths in front of the stop line were revealed, taking into consideration the specialization of traffic lanes and the distribution of traffic flows by directions. It was established that with an increase in the share of left-turning vehicles in the lane by 15 % and above, there is an increase in the length of the queue before the intersection from 45 to 80 m. The results indicate that when choosing a traffic pattern at the intersection, it is necessary to take into consideration not only the intensity of the flow itself but also the proportion of vehicles performing certain maneuvers (in this work, turning left is considered). A feature of the results is that they are obtained using simulation tools. This research method has made it possible to derive the value of the length of the queue in front of the intersection, changing the load on the approach from 200 to 1000 vehicle/h and the share of left-turning vehicles from 5 to 15 %. In addition, using a simulation model, it was checked how the intersection functions under various traffic management schemes on it when the input parameters of traffic flows change. The research results are recommended to be used in the development of traffic management schemes at regulated intersections. When determining the permitted directions of movement in the lanes, it is necessary to take into consideration the patterns of change in the length of queues before the intersection since under certain circumstances they may exceed critical values.
Ensuring the transport process requires proper interaction of all parts of the system "driver - car - road - environment" and its subsystems. In this case, the driver is often a "weak" component of the system, and his actions can reduce the level of road users` safety. It should be noted that the reliability of the driver can be considered as the probability of his trouble-free and error-free operation, as well as the proper level of his regulatory mechanisms functioning. In this case, to analyze the activities and readiness of the driver for his professional activities, indicators of functional status are often used. Thus, the study of the "human factor" in the transport process is an important task to ensure the reliability of the whole transport system. Today the most of all transportation is carried out by road. The timeliness and safety of cargo delivery and passenger safety depend on the driver's actions. At the same time, the driver is influenced by a considerable number of external environmental factors during his work. One of the most important factors is the mountainous traffic conditions, which often have many changes in plan and the profile of roads. Another feature of such traffic conditions is the height above sea level, affecting the human body, particularly its functional state. Considering the above, the paper measures the heart rate variability of bus drivers moving on a route that was partly in the mountain's conditions. During the research, video recording and registration of the vehicle's geolocation were also carried out. This made it possible to establish indicators of the driver`s functional state in specific periods. After processing the obtained values, the influence of mountainous traffic conditions on the bus drivers` indicator of regulatory systems’ activity was established.
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