The aim of the current study was to determine whether adding zinc to water will improve lamb performance and behavior during a hot climate. In this experiment, twenty seven lambs were housed indoor in individual pens (1.50 x 1.30m). Zinc was added to the fresh drinking water in three different levels namely T1 (0 mg Zn/day), T2 (36 mg Zn/day) and T3 (72 mg Zn/day). Rumination (m/h), feeding time (m/h), number of visiting feeds (n/h), standing time (m/h), lying time (m/h) and standing bouts (n/h) were recorded three times a day by visual observation. Dry matter intake (kg/d), drinking water intake (litter/day), daily live weight gain and feed conversion ratio were also recorded. The current results indicated that rumination, feeding duration, and the visiting feed number were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in T2 than T1 and T3 groups. However, no-differences were noticed among T1, T2 and T3 groups regarding standing time, lying time, standing bouts, dry matter intake, water intake, daily live weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. In conclusion, adding zinc to fresh drinking water improved rumination, feeding duration and the feed visiting number.
The high mutation rates of the chicken coronavirus (IBV) cause economic threats to the poultry industry. However, the most dangerous situation is the likelihood of changing its sequences into human coronavirus (COVID-19-like virus). Therefore, in the present study we aimed to investigate the possibility of genetic mutation of IBV to COVID-19. Thus, the sequences of Spike (S1) Glycoprotein genes of both IBV and COVID-19 were aligned, analyzed and calculated to predict the possible changes that could happen in the sequences of S1. The results indicated that in the case of an independent function of probability of each cluster of S1 sequences, the potential mutation rate in the sequences of IBV to be as COVID-19 was equal to 1.87E-96. However, because the tendency for some sequence clusters of S1 gene was low or equal to zero, it is unattainable to mutate the chicken IBV into COVID-19 sequence. Furthermore, in case of the dependent function, the probability of assumed annual mutation to make IBV infectious for human may reach up to around 50% after about 260 years. As a conclusion, the mutating of chicken coronavirus into COVID-19-like virus is not impossible, but it might take a substantial period of time.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of zinc supplementation on the reduction of heat stress in local lambs during hot season. In the current experiment, twenty-seven lambs were housed indoor in individual pens (1.50 × 1.30m). Zinc was added to the fresh drinking water in three different levels namely T1 (0 mg Zn/day), T2 (36 mg Zn/day) and T3 (72 mg Zn/day). Serum zinc (zinc; µmol/L), Alkaline phosphate (ALP; U/I), Alanine amino transferase (ALT; U/I), Aspartate amino transferase (AST; U/I), Creatine kinase (CK; U/I), Blood glucose level (mg/dl), Triiodothyronine hormone (T3; ng/ml), Thyroxin hormone (T4; ng/ml) were measured once per week. Zinc supplementation results show significant decrease in Aspartate amino transferase (AST) in (week 4), and Creatine kinase (CK) at (week 6) in T1group. Also zinc supplementation decreased triiodothyronine hormone (T3), and thyroxin hormone (T4) in (week 4). Whereas serum zinc level and alkaline phosphate (ALP) increased, also blood glucose level increased significantly in T2 (week 5) when the lambs were supplemented with 36 mg / zinc/ day. However, no effect of zinc supplementation was recorded on lamb serum ALT. Zinc supplementation was effective to increase blood plasma zinc concentration, ALP and kept the level of T4 from reduction during heat stress. However, zinc supplementation failed to keep the level of T3 from reduction during heat stress. This could be due to the type of zinc that was supplemented in the current experiment was inorganic which is less bioavailable than organic zinc
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.