The changes in enzymic activity of the soils have been studied in the result of inoculation of cotton plants with microbiological preparation “Zamin-M” which was obtained on the base of association of strains Pseudomonas stutzeri SKB-308, Bacillus subtilis SKB-309 and Bacillus megaterium SKB-310 isolated from the rhizosphere of cotton plant grown in different saline soils. The results of the study showed that when the biopreparation “Zamin-M” was used, the enzymic activity of peroxidase was 1.76 ± 0.32 and in the control 1.5 ± 0.31 (mg purpurgalin/g soil, 24 hours), as well as the enzymic activity of polyphenol oxidase was 2.1 ± 0.53 and in the control 1.64 ± 0.51 (mg purpurgalin/g soil, 24 h). In the control variants, the activity of the enzyme of catalase relative to 1 g of absolutely dry soil was 1,0 ± 0,55 according to the amount of oxygen released in 5 minutes, while using the preparation its increase was observed and made 1.8±0.27 ml O2.Similar indicators were found in the study of invertase enzymic activity, when the preparation “Zamin-M” was applied, its amount constituted 271 ± 0.55 (mkg/absolutely dry soil), while in the control variant it made 111 ± 0.41 (mkg/absolutely dry soil). Urease enzymic activity was active under 24 ± 0.3 units when the preparation was used and in the control it was noted to be 14 ± 0,64 (mkg N/NH4/1 g soil) and phosphatase enzymic activity made 74±0.21 and in the control 53±0.32 (mkg P2O5/g soil, 24 hr) which led to the activation of biochemical processes in the soil.
In the article the tasks have been set on the inventory of the species composition of fungi of the genus Alternaria Nees ex Walroth - pathogen of various Alternaria diseases of vegetable crops in Uzbekistan. More than 200 isolates were collected and about 150 monosporous pure cultures were obtained from them. According to preliminary data, they belong to 15 species of the genus Alternaria and have been isolated from the 12 most important crop species. It was found that a more accurate identification of species requires the study of a wide range of morphological and biochemical traits. The article discusses the issue of infection of vegetable seeds in Uzbekistan. The composition of micromycetes living on seeds of vegetable and green crops was revealed. In total, 21 species were recorded, of which 9 species includes to Alternaria genus.
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