Background and objectivesRecent studies have shown that hyperuricemia is commonly associated with dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Elevated serum uric acid has been demonstrated to be associated with obesity in the adult population in many countries; however, there is still a lack of evidence for the Bangladeshi population. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and determine the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and obesity among the Bangladeshi adults.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 260 adults (142 males and 118 females) and analyzed for SUA and lipid profile. All participants were categorized as underweight (n = 11), normal (n = 66), overweight (n = 120) and obese (n = 63) according to the body mass index (BMI) scale for the Asian population. Based on SUA concentration the participants were stratified into four quartiles (Q1: < 232 μmol/L, Q2: 232–291 μmol/L, Q3: 292–345 μmol/L and Q4: > 345 μmol/L).ResultsThe mean age and BMI of the participants were 32.5 ± 13.3 years and 24.9 ± 3.8 kg/m2, respectively. The average level of SUA was 294 ± 90 μmol/L with a significant difference between males and females (p < 0.001). Overall, the estimated prevalence of hyperuricemia was 9.3% with 8.4% in male and 10.2% in female participants. There were significant increases in the prevalence of obesity (17.4%, 22.2%, 28.6% and 31.8%, respectively, p < 0.01 for trend) across the SUA quartiles. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that SUA quartiles were independently associated with the presence of obesity (p < 0.01).ConclusionPresent study indicates a significant positive relationship between SUA and obesity among the Bangladeshi adults. Therefore, routine measurement of SUA is recommended in obese individuals to prevent hyperuricemia and its related complications.

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of blindness and its determinants in Bangladeshi adult population.Study designA cross-sectional population-based survey conducted at household level with national representation. Samples were drawn from the 2011 national census frame using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method.Setting and participantsThe survey was done in urban and rural areas in 2013 using a probability proportionate to size sampling approach to locate participants from 72 primary sampling units. One man or one woman aged ≥40 years was randomly selected from their households to recruit 7200. In addition to sociodemographic data, information on medication for hypertension and diabetes was obtained. Blood pressure and capillary blood glucose were measured. Eyelids, cornea, lens, and retina were examined in addition to visual acuity and refraction testing.Primary outcome measuresThe following definition was used to categorise subjects having (1) blindness: visual acuity <3/60, (2) low vision: ≥3/60 to <6/60 and (3) normal vision: ≥6/12 after best correction.ResultsWe could recruit 6391 (88.8%) people among whom 2955 (46.2%) were men. Among them, 1922 (30.1%) were from urban and 4469 (69.9%) were from rural areas. The mean age was 54.3 (SD 11.2) years. The age-standardised prevalence, after best correction, of blindness and low vision was 1.0% (95% CI 0.5% to 1.4%) and 12.1% (95% CI 10.5% to 13.8%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that cataract, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy were significantly associated with low vision and blindness after adjustment for age and sex. Population attributable risk of cataract for low vision and blindness was 79.6%.ConclusionsLow vision and blindness are common problems in those aged 40 years or older. Extensive screening and eye care services are necessary for wider coverage engaging all tiers of the healthcare system especially focusing on cataract.

Abstract: Abstract:Background: Background: Background: Background: Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent the most common cause of bacterial infection in renal allograft recipients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate UTI in renal transplant recipients at earlier post transplant period (first 3 months) and isolation of causative organism.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is now-a-days an established treatment option for diseases like Cholelithiasis, Appendicitis, Hernia etc. But laparoscopy also has a definite role in diagnosis of abdominal diseases. In many cases diagnostic dilemma remains after all basic investigations are done. In some cases clinical findings and investigation findings get contradictory. In both these issues, laparoscopy can play a vital role to achieve a specific diagnosis. In some cases tissue sample can also be obtained for histological diagnosis.Methods: It was a prospective cross-sectional study of 60 patients selected by randomized sampling method, both male & female, of various abdominal conditions who couldn’t be diagnosed by conventional interventions & gave informed written consent. It was done over two years period. We excluded patients with uncontrolled coagulopathy, hemodynamicaly unstable patients, patients having undergone multiple previous laparotomies and all patients younger than 12 years. Then the initial diagnosis, the laparoscopic diagnosis and the subsequent outcome of this group of patients were evaluated.Results: A definitive diagnosis was made in 86.66%( 52) of cases after laparoscopy while 13.34% (8) cases had no obvious pathology. Laparoscopy changed the clinical diagnosis in 20% (12) cases. Laparoscopic biopsy was taken in 18.33% (11) cases. Mean Operation time was 20 minutes.Conclusion: Diagnostic laparoscopy is a simple, rapid, effective and accurate tool in evaluating patients with various abdominal conditions in whom conventional methods of investigation have failed to elicit a certain cause.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 31-35

Background: Information about causes or related factors involving voice change was studied mainly in central tertiary level hospitals previously, not in hospital in peripheral districts in Bangladesh.Objective: To find out and evaluate the aetiological factors of hoarseness of voice irrespective of age and sex. Setting: Pabna medical college, a 250 bedded hospital in Bangladesh.Methods: This was a cross sectional, non-randomized and longitudinal study conducted from 1 st august 2011 to July 2017. All the patients with history of hoarseness underwent clinical examination, routine as well as special investigation to find the diagnosis. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using SPSS program in 2017.Results: There were total 200 patients included in the study. Among them the age groups of 21 -30 years and 31 -40 years were mainly suffer from hoarseness. Similarly, among 200 patients 144 (72%) were males whereas 56 (28%) were females with male to female ratio of 2.5:1. The most common cause as per the distribution was acute laryngitis with frequency of 34% followed by acid peptic laryngitis, 25.5%, neoplasms of larynx 12%, whereas tuberculosis of larynx, intubation granuloma, trauma was very few. Conclusion:There was etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to malignancies. So it is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done.

Introduction: infertility is regarded as an upsetting and difficult life experience for some women with elevated levels of anxiety & depression. Laparoscopy is the gold standard in diagnosing various aspects of female subfertility as well as treatment of some of them at the same time.Secondary level infertility care centre includes all those can manage every aspects of problems of infertily except IVF-ET and other advance aspects of management. Objective: To find out the role of laparoscopy in the management of infertile women in a secondary level infertility care centre. Study Design: Prospective cross sectional study. Setting: Fertility care centre, Department of Obst. &Gynaecology Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to June 2018. Methods: During the study period 328 infertile women attended infertility outdoor. .Among them 48 were admitted for diagnostic laparoscopy. Results: Out of forty eight women 26 (54%) had primary infertility, 22 (46%) had secondary infertility.The findings were PCOS in 22% of cases, endometriosis in 14%, PID in 15% cases,unexplained in 20%, fibroid uterus in 6% cases congenital anomaly of uterus in 1% and others in 22% . Conclusion: Laparoscopy is the gold standard in evaluating infertile women.Some women would have a correctable problem found at laparoscopy that would not be discovered with any other fertility screening tests like endometriosis. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 9-12