BackgroundThe objective of the present study aimed to investigate the effect of CoQ10 treatment on isoprenaline (ISO)-induced cardiac remodeling in rats.MethodsRats were divided into three groups namely Control group, ISO treated group and CoQ10 + ISO treated group, each consisting of 6 rats. The cardiac specific CK-MB, AST, ALT activity and other oxidative stress parameters were estimated in heart and kidneys. Additionally histological examination was also performed to visualize the inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis in both tissues.ResultsAdministration of ISO resulted in an increase in the heart-to-body weight (HW/BW) ratio and an also increased the serum CK-MB, AST and ALT enzyme activity. Serum levels of lipid peroxidation products, and oxidative stress markers showed significant increase in ISO-treated rats. Histopathological examination of heart tissue revealed focal areas of endocardium degeneration, mononuclear cells infiltration, fibrous tissue deposition, and increased thickness of the myocardium of left ventricle. Similar degeneration was also found in kidneys. Treatment with CoQ10 (100 mg/kg) significantly improved the oxidative stresses in ISO treated rats. Moreover, CoQ10 treatment prevented inflammatory cells infiltration and reduced fibrosis in ISO administered rats.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study provides evidence that CoQ10 may prevent the development of cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis in ISO administered rats.

Leishmaniasis which is a neglected tropical disease is a global health problem. The treatment options are limited. They are either toxic or expensive. This study was conducted to test some medicinal plants belonging to Asteraceae family against Leishmania donovani promastigotes. Five plants have been selected: Helianthus annuus leaves, Pulicaria crispa aerial parts, Geigeria alata aerial parts, Acanthospermum hispidum aerial parts and Sonchus oleraceus leaves. H. annuus and P. crispa petroleum ether and chloroform extracts showed significant antileishmanial activity at 50 µg/mL in the general screening test, whereas the other three plant extracts showed significant antileishmanial activity in only one solvent system. H. annuus and P. crispa were further tested at doses range of 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 μg/mL. The IC 50 for petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of H. annuus were 4.5 and 3 μg/mL respectively. While the IC 50 for petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of P. crispa were 4.9 and 3.75 μg/mL respectively. Thin layer chromatography for the active extracts of H. annuus and P. crispa has revealed the high similarity in their chemical composition which explains the similarity of their antiparasitic activity.

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Abstract:Background: mussaenda roxburghii hook. Belongs to family rubiaceae, is a perennial shrub moist area of valley and grows in the foothills. Objective: the present investigation was carried out to phytochemicals and pharmacological activity such anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective properties of methanolic crude extract & its fractions such as dcm extract (fraction 1), ethyl acetate extract (fraction2). Materials and methods: residual methanolic extract (fraction 3) of mussaenda roxburghii leaves which were obtained by solvent-solvent extraction process from crude methanolic extract of mussaenda roxburghii. Anti-inflammatory activity was measured by observing the mean inhibition of protein denaturation. Cardioprotective activity was evaluated by thrombolytic assay. Phytochemical screenings have done by using usual procedures. Results: an ex-vivo antiinflammatory test demonstrated that; mean inhibition of protein denaturation 0f 1000/kg of crude methanolic extract of leave of m. Roxburghii was 17.399%. Cardioprotective properties of different extracts of m. Roxburghii was demonstrated which revealed that after treatment of clot with mother methanolic extract, dcm extract (fraction 1), ethyl acetate extract (fraction 2), residual methanolic extract (fraction3) of leaves and methanolic extract of root % clot lysis was 30. 56%,27.61%,46.35%,26.02%,49.90 % respectively. Different tests with crude extracts showed that different types of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins were present in the leaves of m. Roxburghii. Conclusion: in these investigations demonstrates that different extracts of m. Roxburghii has significant pharmacological activities.

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