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Some important olive cultivars (Kilis yaglık, Halhalı, Karamani, Haşebi, Nizip yaglık) in East Mediterranean Area were studied. Olive fruits were processed on a low-scale mill equipped with a basket centrifuge. Basic quality parameters, the content of total polyphenols, o-diphenols, oxidation stability (Rancimat) and antiradical activity [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)] were determined in oil samples. The highest induction period (IP) was 36.42 h, found in the Halhalı cultivar (from Gaziantep province), which also had strong radical scavenging activity (RSA) (96.72% in methanol:water extract and 94.91% in total oil) in all samples. The total phenol and o-diphenol content for this cultivar were 495.42 and 76.89 mg caffeic acid/kg oil, respectively. The oxidation stability and antiradical activity of the Kilis yaglık cultivar (from Kilis province) was very poor when compared to other cultivar (IP; 10.40 h, RSA in methanol: water extract; 30.94%, RSA in total oil; 52.31%). In addition total phenol and o-diphenol content for this cultivar were 38.31 and 5.03 mg caffeic acid/kg oil, respectively.

Blends (5%, 10% and 20%, w/w) of cold-pressed black cumin (Nigella sativa) oil (BCO) with sunflower oil (SO) were formulated. Oxidative stability (OxS) of SO and blends during storage at thermal accelerated oxidation conditions including Rancimat method (110C) and Schaal oven test (60C) was studied. Progression of oxidation was followed by measuring peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD) and conjugated trienes (CT). Changes in the volatile oxidation compounds, thymoquinone and tocopherols levels of oils and blends during thermal oxidation were also recorded. Blending did not affect significantly the fatty acids profile of blends wherein linoleic and oleic acids were the main constituents. Inverse relationships were noted between PV and OxS at termination of storage. Levels of CD and CT in SO and blends increased with increase in time. Nine volatile oxidation compounds including hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, 2-heptanone, (E)-2-heptenal, 1-octen-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, (E)-2-octenal, (E,E)-2,4-octadienal and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal were identified using the headspace/solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS/ SPME-GC/MS). Hexanal and (E)-2-heptenal were predominant identified compounds wherein these compounds increased during oxidation at 60C. Stability of blends was better than SO, most likely due to changes in the levels of thymoquinone and tocopherols' found in BCO. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONBlending of edible oils have emerged as an economical way of improving organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics of vegetable oils besides enhancement the oxidative stability. Among new sources of edible oils with high levels of bioactive compounds, cold pressed black cumin oil (BCO) is of interest and may play a role in human health. At different levels of blending SO with BCO, the stability of sunflower oil (SO) was enhanced. The optimal level of BCO enrichment will depend on the actual food application. It is expected that commercial exploitation of BCO:SO blends with affordable cost for consumers will be soon realized.Journal of Food Biochemistry 00 (2016) 00-00 V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Oil content in sweet and bitter fennels was obtained 12.22% and 14.41%, respectively. The C(18:1 c6), C(18:2), C(18:1 c9) and C(16:0) acids corresponding to approximately 97% of total oil was recorded as principal fatty acids. The ratios of essential oil from sweet and bitter fennels were found similar (average 3.00%). trans-Anethole, estragole and fenchone were found to be the main constituents in both fennels. The compound with the highest value in the two oil samples was trans-anethole as 95.25% (sweet) and 75.13% (bitter). While estragole was found in bitter fennel oil in a remarkable amount (15.51%), sweet fennel oil contained small amounts of estragole (2.87%). Fenchone was found <1% in sweet and approximately 5% in bitter fennel. p-Anisaldehyde in bitter fennel essential oil, and alpha-pinene and gamma-terpinene in sweet fennel essential oil were not recorded, and these compounds were found very low or <1%.

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