The aim of this study is to reveal the current situation of safflower in Türkiye, to make future forecasts about safflower planting area, production quantity, yield and producer prices. The Double Exponential Smoothing Method was used in time series analysis for future forecasts. The time series used were obtained from FAO and TUIK statistics. Five-year (2022-2026) future projections were made for the planting area, production quantity, and yield using safflower data between 1988-2021. For the producer prices, the data between the years 2004-2021 were used. According to the results of the study, it is forecasted that in the next 5 years, there will be a reduction average of 54 decares of safflower in the planting areas and an average of 515 tons of reduction in the production quantity each year. Producer prices are expected to increase by an average of 20% per year. Although it is predicted that there will be a very small increase in yield for each year, it is predicted that there will be a 2.5% yield increase at the end of 5 years. In order to prevent the decrease in safflower production and to increase production, it is recommended to provide purchase guarantee to producers, to support entrepreneurs, to carry out studies on modern cultivation practices, marketing and promotion.
IntroductionAn quiet environment is comfortable and peaceful. Also, healthy and safety environment is a human right. But, exposure to noise may cause negative effects on psychology and performance. Also, it is a problem in public hospitals, because, noise is an important issue for both nurses and patients.ObjectivesThe study was designed to determine decibel levels on the hospital's four unified clinics and compare noise effects to state anxiety levels of patients and nurses.MethodsInformation Form, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were applied to participating 40 patients and 14 nurses. A measurement of the sound level of unified clinics was performed for two days in the morning and after lunch for two days.ResultsThe range of minimum to maximum decibel levels was significantly greater in nurses’ station (38.66 dB versus 82.48 dB) than patient rooms (24.61 dB versus 74.2 dB) (P < .05). 25 patients and 14 nurses stated that there was noise in the clinic. 19 patients and 10 nurses expressed that it caused a headache. The state anxiety levels were 39.29 ± 5.61 for nurses and 45.4 ± 4.86 for patients. The state anxiety level of patients were 44.83 ± 3.86 in 1. Clinic, 48.8 ± 4.37 in 2. Clinic, 43.82 ± 4.9 in 3. clinic, 44 ± 5.57 in 4. Clinic.ConclusionsWe should reduce the noise level to reduce the level of state anxiety. This study describes one reason to reduce peak noise levels on unified clinics. Standards applied across studies to measure and characterize acoustic environments are urgently needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Bu çalışmada Ardahan’da ısınma amaçlı kullanılan kömürün kalorisinin, çevreye verilen kükürt dioksit gazının ve kül miktarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için Ardahan ili genelinde (Ardahan Merkez, Ardahan Halil Efendi Mahallesi, Göle, Çıldır, Damal, Posof, Hanak İlçeleri) kullanılan kömürün miktarı ve kalitesi (içeriğindeki kükürt miktarı, nemi, sabit karbon miktarı ve üst ısı değeri) tespit edilmiştir. Ardahan ili genelinde 10/2017–09/2018 tarihleri arası 22172 ton ithal kömür ve 10835 ton yerli kömür kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Kalite tespiti için örnek alınan kömürler değirmende öğütüldükten sonra 100 mesh elekten geçirilerek analize hazırlanmıştır. Analize hazırlanmış kömürlerde Üst Isı Değeri (kcal/kg), Kükürt (S) (%), Nem (%), Kül (%), Uçucu Madde (%), Sabit Karbon (%) analizleri yapılmıştır.
Magnetic nanoparticles are an emerging technique that has attracted attention in recent years in nanotechnology, biomedical, electronics, environmental science, and engineering applications. Nanoparticles have optical, electrical, catalytic, and thermal properties with their supermagnetic properties, large surface area, and biocompatibility. The major benefit of using nanoparticles is that due to their size, they can be accurately oriented and can be targeted and interacted with a specific biological entity or marker. In addition, it is easy to separate the magnetic property from the aqueous solution with the application of an external magnetic field. From an environmental perspective, MNPs have been used as catalysts in the purification of whey; removal of heavy toxic metals such as Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), and toxic pollutants such as Fluoride (F) from contaminated water; and photocatalytic degradation of dyes and pollutants in water. In this study, types of magnetic nanoparticles, synthesis methods, properties, and environmental science and engineering applications are included.
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