BACKGROUNDHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a great threat for people’s health. Many long noncoding RNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. SNHG15, as a tissue specific long noncoding RNAs, has been studied in many human cancers, except HCC.AIMTo explore the regulatory mechanism of SNHG15 in HCC.METHODSIn the present research, 101 HCC patient samples, two HCC cell lines and one normal liver cell line were used. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were applied to detect SNHG15, miR-490-3p and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression. The regulatory mechanism of SNHG15 was investigated using CCK-8, Transwell and luciferase reporter assays.RESULTSOur research showed that up-regulation of SNHG15 was found in HCC and was related to aggressive behaviors in HCC patients. Moreover, knockdown of SNHG15 restrained HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, SNHG15 served as a molecular sponge for miR-490-3p. Further, miR-490-3p directly targets HDAC2. HDAC2 was involved in HCC progression by interacting with the SNHG15/miR-490-3p axis.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, long noncoding RNA SNHG15 promotes HCC progression by mediating the miR-490-3p/HDAC2 axis in HCC.

The association of varicoceles with infertility is well established, but the exact effect of varicoceles on semen quality among patients with infertility is still poorly known. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of varicoceles among Chinese men with infertility and to examine the factors associated with semen quality.This was a cross-sectional study of 5447 male patients treated for infertility at the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University from October 2012 to December 2015. The patients were divided on the basis of the presence of varicoceles. Examinations of the amount of semen and sperm morphology were performed according to seminal parameter detection methods recommended by the World Health Organization.Patients with varicoceles (n = 1429/5447, 26.2%) were slightly younger (P = .046), and had smaller testis (P = .019), higher frequency of abnormal epididymis (P < .001), slightly shorter infertility duration (P = .046), and lower frequency of smokers (P = .012). There was no difference in the distribution of occupations (P = .777). Using multiple linear regression analysis, varicoceles were shown to be independently associated with semen volume [B = −0.153, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): −0.245 to −0.062, P = .001], sperm concentration (B = 9.633, 95% CI: 7.152–12.114, P < .001), proportion of sperms with normal morphology (B = 0.951, 95% CI: 0.623–1.278, P < .001), motility (B = 3.835, 95% CI: 2.675, 4.995, P < .001), total sperm count (B = 22.481, 95% CI: 13.333–31.629, P < .001), and forward movement sperm count (B = 15.553, 95% CI: 9.777–21.329, P < .001). Varicoceles were present in 26% of Chinese male patients with infertility.Varicoceles were independently associated with sperm volume, sperm concentration, proportion of sperms with normal morphology, motility, total sperm count, and forward movement sperm count.

Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor of the male genitourinary system and its incidence increases with age. Studies have shown that resveratrol (Res) inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis. The present study evaluated the effect of Res in two human prostate cancer cell lines (the androgen-dependent LNCaP cell line and the non-androgen-independent LNCaP-B cell line) on proliferation and apoptosis. A proliferation assay was used to demonstrate that Res inhibited proliferation of LNCaP and LNCaP-B cells in the range of 25-100 µM, and the effect was time-and dose-dependent. Using flow cytometry, it was reported that various concentrations of Res induced apoptosis in LNCaP and LNCaP-B cells, and that the apoptotic effect of Res was dose-dependent. A chemiluminescence assay showed that Res inhibited prostate specific antigen levels in LNCaP and LNCaP-B cells. Reverse transcription quantitative-PCR showed that Res inhibited the expression of androgen receptor (AR) in LNCaP and LNCaP-B cells at the mRNA level. Western blot analysis showed that Res suppressed the expression of AR protein as well as protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation. To study the effect of Res on the expression of AR splicing variant 7 (ARV7) and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, the recombinant ARV7 expression vector Pcdna3.1-ARV7 was transfected into LNCaP and LNCaP cells and the aforementioned experiments were repeated. It was revealed that Res acted via the ARV7 and the AKT pathways. Taken together, the present results suggested that Res suppresses the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, promotes apoptosis and inhibits the expression of AR mRNA and protein. These effects likely resulted from inhibition of ARV7 and the AKT signaling pathway.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the function of the DNA topoisomerase IIα ( gene and its associated genes in the progression of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). Online cancer databases, including cBioportal, Oncomine, OncoLnc and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins were used to analyze the gene expression profile, function and regulation network in PRCC. The genes that were significantly co-expressed or mutually exclusively expressed with were identified. The genes co-expressed with were defined as a '-cancer panel', which cooperatively promotes PRCC progression. This gene panel performed well in predicting the prognosis of PRCC. In addition, the -cancer panel significantly affected the outcome of PRCC compared with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). The protein-protein interaction network of all genes associated with was also generated. This interaction network may provide foundation for the additional investigation of . Integrative understating of the-cancer panel may result in a novel avenue for treatment intervention in PRCC.

Objective. To investigate the correlation between tropomyosin (TM) and clinical characteristics of bladder cancer. In addition, the relationship between TM and immune cell infiltration in bladder cancer was further analyzed. Methods. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the relationship between TM expression and clinicopathological features in bladder cancer was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of TM as a diagnostic marker for bladder cancer. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. The relationship between TM and immune cell infiltration was analyzed. Results. ROC curve showed that TPM1, TPM2, and TPM3 had significant diagnostic ability (AUC was 0.845, 0.848, and 0.873, respectively). The high expression of TPM1 and TPM2 is associated with poor overall and disease-specific survival in patients with bladder cancer ( P < 0.05 ). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age and TPM1 were independent prognostic factors. The expression levels of TPM1, TPM2, TPM3, and TPM4 in low grade bladder cancer were lower than those in high grade bladder cancer ( P < 0.05 ). TPM1 and TPM2 are positively correlated with the infiltration of macrophages and NK cells in bladder cancer. TPM3 is positively associated with Th2. TPM4 is positively correlated with Th1 cells, macrophages, and neutrophils ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. TPM1 and TPM2 are effective markers for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. TPM1 is an independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer. TM is also associated with the infiltration of various immune cells in bladder cancer. TM may have influenced the development of bladder cancer through immune inhibition.

Objective. To investigate the relationship between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Prostate cancer-associated transcription factors 14 (PCAT14) and the clinical characteristics of prostate cancer and immune cell infiltration. Methods. The relationship between PCAT14 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the value of PCAT14 as a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer. The relationship between PCAT14 and immune cell infiltration was analyzed to explore the effect of PCAT14 on the immune-related functions of prostate cancer. Results. The ROC curve showed that PCAT14 had a significant diagnostic ability ( area   under   curve = 0.818 ) for prostate cancer. A reduced expression of PCAT14 in prostate cancer was related to T stage, N stage, primary therapy outcome, residual tumor, Gleason score, and age. The expression of PCAT14 was independently associated with the progression-free interval in prostate cancer patients. The infiltration of immune cells in prostate cancer showed a significant negative correlation between the expression of PCAT14 and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, activated dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and neutrophils. Conclusions. PCAT14 is highly expressed in prostate cancer and is expected to be a diagnostic marker. PCAT14 might promote the development of prostate cancer through chemokines, antimicrobials, and cytokines that affect the infiltration of immune cells.

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) are defined as the presence of two or more malignancies with different histologies in the same patient. MPMNs are rare, accounting for fewer than 4% of all tumor cases. Depending on the time interval between the diagnosis of the different malignancies, they are classified as either simultaneous or metachronous MPMNs, with simultaneous being rarer in MPMNs. Here, we present a 63-year-old female patient presenting with multiple primary renal and thyroid carcinomas and discuss the risk factors, treatment options, and prognosis of rare dual carcinomas. We focus on managing multidisciplinary teams and selecting individualized treatment options to deliver valuable treatment strategies to patients.

BACKGROUND Well-differentiated liposarcoma is the second most common pathologic type of retroperitoneal sarcoma. It is characterized by a huge mass, but multiple organ invasions are common. Surgery is the only treatment option for potential cure. Hyper-accuracy three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is widely used in robotic partly nephrectomy owing to its ability to visualize overlapping anatomy. CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old man was admitted for progressive abdominal distension over the preceding 2 mo. Computed tomography revealed a 32 cm × 21 cm × 12 cm lipomatous mass. Hyper-accuracy 3D reconstruction was performed because of the complex relationship between the mass and nearby tissue. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the tumor did not recur for over 16 mo. CONCLUSION Hyper-accuracy 3D reconstruction is useful for operative planning owing to its intuitiveness and precise determination of anatomical structures in both tumors and nearby tissues.