The use of a standardized clinical approach such as the ACCP increases the possibility for fast and accurate diagnosis during the treatment of children with chronic cough, and the use of these guidelines should be required.

Although complete blood count is routinely ordered in most upper urinary tract infections (UTI), and information regarding the patient's platelet indices is made available without added cost, the relationship between platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) and specific platelet responses to different infectious agents has not been extensively characterized in UTI. The objectives of this study were to examine platelet counts and platelet indices in children with culture-proven upper UTI to determine if there are organism-specific platelet responses. A retrospective analysis of data from all pediatric urine samples processed at Fatih University Medical School microbiology laboratory was undertaken for a period of two years (January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2006. Of the 200 patients with positive urine cultures, 146 (73%) were infected with gram-negative bacteria and 54 (27%) grew gram-positive bacteria. The platelet count during the episode of upper UTI and the incidence of thrombocytosis was significantly higher with the gram-positive infections than with the gram-negative infections or controls (p < 0.05). A statistically significant higher MPV was detected in the subjects with upper UTI (p < 0.05). Also, our data showed a statistically significant increase in MPV with gram-positive infections compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, based on the importance of the hemostatic component in the pathophysiology of infections, our findings of platelet count and MPV and predictivity of the type of the organism would suggest the usefulness of the routine measurements in children with upper UTI.

Empirical antibiotic selection should be based on knowledge of the local prevalence of bacterial organisms and antibiotic sensitivities, because resistance patterns may vary in different regions.

Complementary and alternative methods of medicine are applied substantially frequently in children. Physicians should have information about these methods in terms of their effects and side effects and warn families and especially mothers about potential risks.

Background The novel coronavirus disease (Covid‐19) can progress with mild to moderate or self‐limiting clinical findings in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the disease features of Covid‐19 in Turkish children. Methods Children diagnosed by the method of real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction for Covid‐19 at the Dicle University Department of Pediatric, between April and June 2020, were evaluated. Hospital records were investigated retrospectively. Results One hundred and five patients children with the mean age of 108.64 ± 65.61 months were enrolled in this study. The most common cause of transmission in pediatric patients was in contact with a family member diagnosed with COVID‐19 (n = 91, 86.7%). The most common admission complaints were dry cough (n = 17, 16.2%), fever (n = 16, 15.2%), lassitude and fatigue (n = 14, 13.3%) respectively. More than 95% of all children with Covid‐19 were asymptomatic, mild, or moderate cases. CRP was identified only independent factor associated with long duration of hospitalization. Conclusion The results of this study show the effect of Covid‐19 on Turkish children. A clear understanding of the local epidemiology of corona virus infections and identification of risk factors are critical for the successful implementation of the prevention and control program.