PurposeTo evaluate the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).MethodsWe investigated 112 subjects comprising 56 patients with NAION and 56 healthy controls at Süleyman Demirel University. Complete blood count, demographic, and clinic data from NAION patients were evaluated in this study. The NLR was calculated in all individuals and compared between the patient and control groups. Cut-off values were also determined. Then, the relationship between NLR and visual outcomes was investigated.ResultsThe cut-off value for NLR was 1.64. NLR values were significantly higher in NAION patients than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001) and were directly correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels (r = 0.263, p = 0.006). Also, the NLR value was associated with visual outcomes. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis revealed a 0.63 area under the curve (confidence interval, 53.7% to 74.1%), 85% sensitivity and 41% specificity at the cut-off NLR value.ConclusionsThe NLR may be a biomarker with good sensitivity that is quick, cost effective and easily detected in serum. It can be used in clinical practice to predict a NAION patient's prognosis in terms of visual outcomes.

Approved by the following research ethics committee: Süleyman Demirel University (# 72867572-050). ABSTRACT Purpose:To evaluate anterior segment parameters in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) using Scheimpflug imaging. Methods: Forty-three PXS patients and 43 healthy control subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent a detailed ophthalmologic examination. Anterior segment parameters were measured using a Scheimpflug system. Results: Considering the PXS and control groups, the mean corneal thicknesses at the apex point (536 ± 31 and 560 ± 31 µm, respectively, p=0.001), at the center of the pupil (534 ± 31 and 558 ± 33 µm, respectively, p=0.001), and at the thinnest point (528 ± 30 and 546 ± 27 µm, respectively, p=0.005) were significantly thinner in PXS patients. Visual acuity was significantly lower (0.52 ± 0.37 versus 0.88 ± 0.23, p<0.001) and axial length was significantly longer (23.9 ± 0.70 mm versus 23.2 ± 0.90 mm, p=0.001) in the PXS eyes than in the control eyes. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean values of keratometry, anterior chamber angle, anterior chamber depth, corneal volume, and anterior chamber volume between the PXS and control eyes. Conclusions: The patients with PXS had thinner corneas, worse visual acuity, and longer axial length compared with those in the healthy controls.

No abstract

Boriding of 34CrNiMo6 steel was performed in a solid medium consisting of Ekabor-II powders at 1123, 1173 and 1223 K for 2, 4 and 6 h. Morphological and kinetic examinations of the boride layers were carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thicknesses of the boride layers ranged from 22±2.3 to 145±4.1 depending on boriding temperature and time. The hardness of boride layer was about 1857 HV0.1 after boriding for 6 h at 1223 K, while the hardness of the substrate was only around 238 HV0.1. Growth rate constants were found to be between 1.2×10−13 – 9.8×10−13 m2/s depending on temperature. The activation energy for boron diffusion was estimated as 239.4±8.6 kJ mol−1. This value was comparable to the activation energies reported for medium carbon steels in the literature.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Material and methods: 142 eyes of 71 consecutive patients with COPD who are applied to ophthalmology clinic were included in the retrospective study from January 2012 to August 2013. Trauma, ophthalmologic surgery history, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, chorioretinitis, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal detachment and tears in the anamnesis and ophthalmologic examination were excluded from study. The visual acuity of the patients was assessed using Snellen chart. Intraocular pressure was measured with applanation tonometry. Fundus examination was performed using +90D lens after pupil dilation with 0.5% tropicamide following biomicroscopic anterior segment examination. All patients underwent peripheral retinal examination with Goldmann three-mirror lens to detect the presence of retinal tear. A and B mode ultrasonography was performed to patients. Results: 142 eyes of 71 patients, 5 of whom were female (7%) and 66 of whom were male (93%) were included to the study. The patients were aged between 43-80 years and the mean age of the cases was 62.61 ± 8.34. The average visual acuity was found as 0.78 ± 0.25 (0.05-1). Mean intraocular pressure was found as 12.5 ± 2.26 mmHg (8-18 mmHg). PVD was detected in 87 eyes of 142 eyes. The prevalence of PVD was found as 61.26%. 46 (52.87%) patients of 87 cases were symptomatic. Conclusion: The PVD prevalence was higher in this age group in COPD patients than normal population. The reason of this may be concussion by increased cough reflex and amount in COPD. Pathologies that may cause increased cough reflex like COPD can be evaluated for risk factors and tendency to PVD. In conclusion, PVD is an important situation because it may lead to vitreoretinal pathologies like retinal tear, retinal detachment, intravitreal hemorrhage, macular hole. Therefore COPD patients should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist for early diagnosis and treatment.