<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ, are nuclear ligand-activated transcription factors which presumably contribute to a broad range of pathophysiological processes, such as tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, their exact role as tumor suppressors or promoters is not straightforward in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, expression values of these PPARs and their relation with tumor progression and prognosis were examined in CRC patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this work, the relative expression values of the PPARs were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in 100 CRC tumor tissues paired with adjacent normal tissues. After that, the association between relative expression values of the PPARs in tumor tissues and the cancer progression-related clinicopathological characteristics as well as overall survival of patients were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> While PPARα and PPARδ seemed to be overexpressed, PPARγ was suppressed in CRC tumor tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). The relative expressions of PPARα and PPARδ were negatively associated with tumor size, tumor grade, TNM stage, metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and decreased overall survival time (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The same associations, but in reverse direction, were found for PPARγ. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> It was found that PPARα and PPARδ were overexpressed while PPARγ was suppressed in CRC tumor tissues, and these deregulations are associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis.
Studies have shown that an increase in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is associated with the progression of colorectal cancer and is considered a sensitive diagnostic factor for CRC. Moreover, the role of peroxisome proliferators (PPARs) has recently been considered in colorectal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression level of PPARs and CEA level in patients with colorectal cancer. Material & Methods: In this study, a total of 100 samples of primary tumor tissue along with adjacent healthy tissue samples and serum samples of patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery were prepared from the tumor bank of Tehran Cancer Institute in Thran, Iran. The expression level of peroxisome proliferator receptors (PRARs) in tissue samples and CEA level in serum samples were measured, and the relationship between these markers was evaluated as well. The financial support for the study was provided by the Islamic Azad University (grant number 132655). (Ethic code: 132655) Findings: The results of this study showed a significant increase in the expression level of PPARs and serum CEA levels in patients with colorectal cancer (P<0.01). Although the level of these markers had a significant relationship with the progression and spread of disease in patients (P<0.01), no significant relationship was observed between the expression of PPARs and serum CEA in these patients (P>0.05). Discussion & Conclusion:Based on the obtained results, the expression level of PPARs and the serum CEA level are associated with the progression and spread of the disease; however, there is no significant relationship between the expression level of PPARs and the serum CEA level in patients with colorectal cancer.
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