In recent years, the tense regional conditions of the Middle East and international sanctions against Iran have led to Iran's construction projects being financed by foreign sources of complexity and limited to certain countries such as China. In spite of China's desire and signing several agreements, the opportunity and capacity of these packages are not optimized.In an effort to improve the situation, the present study focuses on the financing challenges based on the reality of a sensitive issue on Iran-China relations by presenting a common interface between the pillars of the project. The results of this study is highly likely to increase the efficiency of the financing system of the Iranian construction projects, which are to be financed by China. The statistical population of this research includes the contractors, agent, employer, foreign financer, financial consultant, and contractor of the central headquarters. Three construction projects, with non-existent conditions capable of aggregating their deep and varied data were selected as case studies according to the experts' opinion. Then out of a 25-long list of challenges, 5 challenges were chosen based on the weight as the main challenges, including domestic and foreign challenges, with some appropriate improvement solutions being presented. Based on the results of this research, a closer look at the relationships, the significance of impact and the arrangement of the strategies, produces the conceptual model. * The foreign partner that makes the initial investment can repatriate the return on the investment (at a pre -agreed fixed rate) through goods and services produced by the project.
This scoping review article is a systematic literature review focusing on 'leadership in project management' with the aim of enabling future researchers to achieve a better understanding of main foci and topics of state-of-the-art studies, areas requiring further research, and/or limitations and blank or less studied subjects. To do so, we employed the five-step scoping review method (Arksey and O'Malley, 2005) in scanning and analysing pertinent articles from electronic databases. As described in the Section 2, of 1,120 citations, 56 articles matched the inclusion criteria. For each article, the key variables including main foci, research methodology, limitations, suggestions, implications, validity, reliability, conclusions, etc., were extracted in order to answer the research questions, with quantitative analysis for each variable included in the results section and a brief qualitative analysis of the results in the discussion. Finally, future research suggestions and research gaps are carefully delineated as well as a summary of our key findings.
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