A new species of Solanum from the Western Ghat region of Kerala, India is described and illustrated as Solanum exarmatum sp. nov. The species is dissimilar from its allied species Solanum capsicoides in terms of shape of the leaf, non spiny nature of stem and calyx in contrast to the thick armour of sharp spines in Solanum capsicoides. Spines are present occasionally on the petiole and the lower surface of the leaves but they are slender. Detailed description including distribution with relevant taxonomic notes along with colour photographs is provided.

The new species Sonerila nairii (Melastomataceae) is here described from Pothumala of the Nelliampathy hill ranges of Western Ghats of Kerala, India. Morphologically it most closely resembles Sonerila erecta and Sonerila pulneyensis from which differs by the form of the stem, leaves, peduncle, pedicel, inflorescence, pubescence of the stem, leaves and hypanthium, and by the form of stamens and stigma.

The new species Oldenlandia vasudevanii from the Southern Western Ghats, Palakkad, Kerala, India, is described and illustrated. The species differs from its allied species O. stocksii and O. hygrophila in terms of stout pedicel, calyx lobes exceeding the level of corolla, number of stipules, number of accessory calyx teeth, and size of the corolla tube. Description of taxa with distribution, ecology and comparison among allied taxa has been provided.

A new species, Sonerila victoriae, collected from Pothumala of Nelliyampathy hill ranges of Western Ghats of Kerala, India is described and illustrated. It shows similarity with Sonerila wallichii and Sonerila gadgiliana, but differs in traits regarding the size, shape and texture of leaves, number of inflorescence per plant, number of flowers per inflorescence, shape of anther, texture and morphology of seed.

Eriocaulon nepalense var. luzulifolium (Mart.) Praj. & J. Parn is described as a new record for South India from Nelliyampathy hills of Kollengode range forests, Nemmara forest Division, Palakkad district, Kerala. A detailed taxonomic description, nomenclatural status and photographs of the plant parts have been provided.