Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become more widespread all over the world and it is important to determine methicillin resistance genes in different regions. The major goals of this work were to identify the mec-A gene related with MRSA and to assess the antibiogram of clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: Using normal microbiological techniques, 30 clinical Staphylococcal isolates from various specimens were processed to isolate S. aureus. The antibiotic susceptibility test was completed using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method in accordance with EUCAST criteria. Cefoxitin (30 g) discs were used to screen for MRSA isolates, and the standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the mec-A gene. Results: Staphylococcus aureus predominance was 66.6 percent (n = 20) among the 30 bacterial growths. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevalence was 100% (n = 20), and multidrug resistance was present in 85% (17/20) of the cases (MDR). The majority of the S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin (95.2%), cefoxitin (100%), tigecycline (60%) and the combination antibiotics quinipristin-dalfopristin (50%) as well as tobramycin (30) and trimethoprim-methotrexate (20). The results of the PCR show that four out of the twelve isolates analyzed were mecA gene. Conclusion: Without taking antibiotic resistance into account and avoiding antibiotic use, fighting these superbugs won't be achievable. This might quickly escalate into an unmanageable situation. According to this study, MRSA is more common than previously believed and about 80% of isolates are multidrug resistant.
Diarrhea has been a major cause of death, especially among children in developing countries. Traditional preparations of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activities have been extensively used in West African regions. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants against pathogens that cause diarrhea. Fresh leaves of three medicinal plants, namely Anogeissus leiocarpus, Vernonia amygdalina, and Piliostigma thonningii, were collected in Minna, Niger State. Pathogens causing diarrhea (Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella enterica serovar) were isolated and identified from stool samples of individuals suffering from diarrhea. The plant material was extracted using the maceration technique with methanol. The antibacterial effectiveness of the selected plant extracts was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using the Broth tube dilution method, while the minimum bactericidal concentration was determined by plating out on nutrient agar plates with no visible growth. The results indicated that all plant extracts effectively suppressed the microbial growth of diarrhea-causing bacteria with varying potency. Among them, the extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus consistently exhibited the largest inhibitory zone diameters across all three bacterial strains at a concentration of 300 mg/mL (Vibrio cholerae: 32.33 mm, Klebsiella pneumoniae: 34.00 mm, and Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky: 36.33 mm). This extract can be considered the most active. For Anogeissus leiocarpus, the MIC values ranged from 0.19 to 0.96 mg/mL, and the MBC values ranged from 0.20 to 1.09 mg/mL. For Vernonia amygdalina, the MIC values ranged from 0.96 to 1.80 mg/mL, and the MBC values ranged from 1.20 to 1.920 mg/mL. The results of this study validate the traditional use of these plants in medicine. However, further studies, including the isolation and identification of active compounds would be necessary to fully understand the mechanisms behind the observed antimicrobial effects.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.