The Nigerian mineral sector is undergoing radical structural reforms to allow for maximal exploitation, in view of its potential in diversifying the national economy. As part of the reforms, mineral titles and permits are granted by a new mining cadastre system. This article examines the spatial distribution of the licences granted so far using the geographic information system (GIS). A simple spatial and attribute query was used to select all types of licences based on their locations. The country appears to be virgin territory with exploration in brown and greenfields extensively dominating mining by activity. This paper contends, however, that widespread mineral exploration has certain policy implications that, when put in place at this stage of mining project development, are likely to mitigate the problems associated with the extractive economy.
Lake Naivasha became a focus of international attention when it attained a Ramsar status in 1995. The lake is the major source of freshwater for the Kenya’s booming horticultural industry. There is growing evidence of excessive water abstraction to meet both the economic and social needs of communities living around the lake. Recently its management and conservation has been devolved to the local communities in a bottom-up participatory approach to replace the traditional top-down management strategy. This paper assesses the role of Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) in achieving sustainable water management at Lake Naivasha. The results showed a diversity of stakeholders with different interests competing amongst themselves for water access which is affecting both the lake hydrology and the surrounding wetland ecosystems. Due to human activities, the effects of climate change, and the lack the capacity of various stakeholders to finance and follow through with conservation projects, the lake water has been drying over the years.
Nigeria is in the advanced development stages of extracting its oil sands resources to boost national revenue and economic prosperity, like other countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa including the Republic of Congo and Madagascar. Compared to resource‐rich developed countries like Canada and America, the consequences of oil sands extraction is likely to be disastrous in countries like Nigeria that have a poor reputation for managing resources (as is the case with the petroleum sector). Using a mixed‐method approach—focus group discussions, interviews and observations—this paper addresses environmental concerns about oil sands extraction in Nigeria. Overall, the communities perceived oil sands development negatively, because of fears of loss of communal lands, biodiversity, water availability and quality, and pollution. They were angry with the previous administrations over the lack of communication, and were deprived of socio‐economic opportunities and pollution from prolonged delays in oil sands extraction. The way forward is to form sustainable partnerships between the government, communities, industry and other stakeholders to achieve responsible oil sands development—environmentally friendly development that meets climate obligations, addresses cumulative impacts, and acts in the best interest of host communities and Nigerians.
Nigeria is currently harmonising plans for the exploitation of oil sands in southern part of the country. The findings from a case study suggested that investment and subsequent production in oil sands could have positive outcomes, but could also affect the live standards of people in the surrounding communities. The current approach which excludes the communities in the planning process may only lead to trepidation of the crisis which has bedevilled the oil producing region of the country. There is the need to have an all-inclusive involvement of the affected communities in decision making process from initial conception through to the various stages of the mining cycle.
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