This study investigated the protective effects of melatonin against formaldehyde-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in rat testes. A total of 21 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group I was used as a control, Group II was injected every other day with formaldehyde for 1 month, whereas Group III was injected every other day with formaldehyde and melatonin for 1 month. At the end of the experimental period animals were sacrificed and the testes removed and dissected from the surrounding tissues for immunohistochemical evaluation. In addition, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. The levels of SOD and GSH-Px decreased significantly, whereas the level of MDA significantly increased in animals treated with formaldehyde compared with the controls. Apoptosis of spermatogenetic and Leydig cells of testicular tissues was observed. In contrast, rats with melatonin SOD and GSH-Px enzyme activity increased whereas MDA levels decreased with formaldehyde exposure along with apoptosis. In view of the present findings, it is suggested that melatonin treatment may prevent formaldehyde-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in rat testes.
Bu çalışma, cinsiyete göre, yüzün antropometrik normlarının ortalama değerlerini belirlemek ve yetişkin Türk bireylerin nazal indeksini tanımlamak amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 20-35 yaş aralığında bulunan, toplam 200 sağlıklı (100 kadın, 100 erkek) yetişkin birey üzerinde yapıldı. Antropometrik landmarklar kullanılarak, milimetrik kumpas ile yüz üzerinden horizontal ve vertikal direk ölçümler alındı. Bulgular: Bulgular nazal index ile karşılaştırıldı. Her iki grup değerlendirildiğinde, alt ve üst dudak kalınlığı hariç tüm parametreler erkeklerde daha yüksek bulundu. Cinsiyetler karşılaştırıldığında, üst yüz genişliği, göz genişliği, burun ucu yüksekliği, alın yüksekliği I ve II hariç tüm diğer parametrelerde anlamlı bir fark gözlendi (P<0.05). Nazal indeks kadınlarda 64.17, erkeklerde ise 66.12 olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Yüzün vertikal ve horizontal ölçümlerinin kantitatif analizine göre elde edilen bulgular, rekonstrüktif ve estetik operasyonların hazırlığında, yetişkin Türk bireylerin yüzünün değerlendirilmesinde cerrahlara rehber olacaktır.
The aim of this study was to immunohistochemically examine the effects of orchidectomy and administration of testosterone hormone on leptin production in the rat anterior pituitary. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group I and group II were designated as control (sham-orchidectomized) and orchidectomized rats, respectively. Rats in group III were orchidectomized and injected daily with testosterone propionate for 1 month. At the end of the experimental period, all animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The pituitary glands of all rats were removed and processed for semi-quantitative evaluation of immunohistochemical leptin staining. Intensity of immunostaining was determined on a scale between 0 (no staining) and 5 (heavy staining). Immunostaining of leptin was moderate (3+) in control rats, heavy (5+) in orchidectomized rats, and low (1+) in testosterone-treated orchidectomized rats, respectively. These findings indicate that orchidectomy increases leptin secretion in anterior pituitary cells, and this increase of leptin synthesis can be prevented by administration of testosterone propionate. Thus, testosterone seems to affect leptin production in the anterior pituitary of male rats.
Objectives: In this study, the protective effect of omega-3 fatty acids on testicular tissue was aimed to investigate at biochemical levels. Materials and methods:Totally, 16 adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. Rats in Group I were used as control and only saline was given by intragastric gavage. Rats in Group II, 400 mg/kg dose ω-3 fatty acids were given daily by intragastric gavage. At the end of the six-week experimental period, all rats were killed by decapitation. The testicular tissue specimens taken from animals, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically. In addition, blood testosterone levels were examined.Results: In our study, ω-3 fatty acids in rats were given a statistically significant increase in the levels of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels were determined when compared to control group. In addition, ω-3 fatty acids in rats given a statistically significant increase in blood testosterone levels were observed. Conclusion:We concluded that ω-3 fatty acid had favorable effects in rat testis tissue by preventing oxidative damage and increasing the level of testosterone.Key words: ω-3 fatty acids, testicle, testosterone, rat ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmada testis dokusu üzerine omega-3 yağ asitlerinin koruyucu etkisi biyokimyasal düzeyde araştırıl-ması amaçlandı. Gereç ve yöntem:Toplam 16 adet Wistar-Albino cinsi erişkin erkek sıçan 2 gruba ayrılarak incelendi. Grup I'deki sıçanlar kontrol grubu olarak alındı ve sadece intragastrik gavaj ile serum fizyolojik verildi. Grup II'deki sıçanlara ise, 400 mg/kg dozundaki ω-3 yağ asiti intragastrik gavaj yoluyla günlük olarak verildi. Altı haftalık deney süresi sonunda tüm sıçanlar dekapitasyon yöntemiyle öldürüldü. Hayvanlardan alınan testis doku örneklerinde superoksit dismutaz, Glutatyon peroksidaz, malondialdehit aktiviteleri spektrofotometrik olarak tayin edildi. Ayrıca kan testosteron düzeyleri incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda, ω-3 yağ asidi verilen sıçanlar-da superoksit dismutaz, Glutatyon peroksidaz düzeyleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde artarken, malondialdehit düzeylerinde kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş tespit edildi. Ayrıca omega-3 yağ asidi verilen sıçanların kan testosteron düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış görüldü.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak omega-3 yağ asitlerinin sıçan testis dokusunda gerek oksidatif hasarı önleyerek, gerekse testosteron düzeyini artırarak olumlu etki gösterdiği tespit edildi.Anahtar kelimeler: ω-3 yağ asiti, testis, testosteron, sı-çan
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