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Purpose The contribution of women entrepreneurs is still invisible and needs to be properly investigated. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this relationship by measuring women entrepreneurship and economic development at global level. Design/methodology/approach Secondary data has been retrieved from Female Entrepreneurship Index Report 2015, Human Development Report 2015 and KOF Index of Globalization 2015. Cross-sectional data is used from 69 countries of the world. Multiple regression is applied to estimate the data. Findings The results explained the significant impact of women entrepreneurship on the economies of the world. It was observed that women participation in entrepreneurial activities not only supports to their family income but also plays a significant role in economic development and social well-being of the society. Research limitations/implications There is no information about total output of women entrepreneurs in terms of new enterprises setups and established businesses of women except for year 2015. So, to measure the real contribution of women entrepreneurs around the globe is still a challenge. Practical implications It is reality that when women would be empowered as entrepreneurs then whole society gets benefits from it, as women entrepreneurs are beneficial for not only economic development but also social development of society. Originality/value This study uniquely addresses the contribution of women entrepreneurs in the world economy which is still an unseen but a powerful benefactor of development.

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Sorption of cobalt(II)-thiocyanate complex onto polyurethane foam (PUF) has been investigated in detail with respect to the equilibrating time between Co(II)-thiocyanate complex in solution and foam, and concentrations of cobalt(II) and sorbent. The sorption was optimized with respect to the composition of electrolyte. Maximum sorption has been achieved from 0.1 M HCl solution containing 0.5 M SCN after 10 minutes of shaking time. The kinetics and thermodynamics of sorption are studied in detail. The kinetics follow a first-order rate equation with the rate constant, k, equal to 9.57 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 min. Ϫ1 The variation of equilibrium constant K c with temperature (15-50°C) yields values of ⌬H ϭ Ϫ64 Ϯ 4.6 kJиmol Ϫ1 , ⌬S ϭ Ϫ192.6 Ϯ 15.6 Jиmol Ϫ1 иK Ϫ1 , and ⌬G ϭ Ϫ8.71 kJиmol Ϫ1 at 298 K. The sorption of Co(II)-thiocyanate onto PUF in the presence of common anions and cations has also been measured. The sorption data studied in the concentration range of Co(II) 1.12 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 to 1.20 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 M follow Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. Freundlich parameters 1/n ϭ 0.35 Ϯ 0.02 and A ϭ 0.85 Ϯ 0.2 mmolиg Ϫ1 , Langmuir constants Q ϭ (5.54 Ϯ 0.12) ϫ 10 Ϫ5 molиg Ϫ1 and b ϭ (3.55 Ϯ 0.74) ϫ 10 4 dm 3 иmol Ϫ1 and D-R isotherms ␤ ϭ Ϫ0.002999 Ϯ 0.000189 kJ 2 иmol Ϫ2 , C m ϭ 10.66 Ϯ 0.16 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 molиg Ϫ1 and E ϭ 12.9 Ϯ 0.4 kJиmol Ϫ1 have been evaluated. The possible sorption mechanism of cobalt-thiocyanate complex onto PUF is also discussed.

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Background: Very little is known about female injecting drug users (IDU) in Bangladesh but anecdotal evidence suggests that they are hidden and very vulnerable to HIV through both their injection sharing and sexual risk behaviors. In order to better understand the risks and vulnerability to HIV of female IDU, a cohort study was initiated through which HIV prevalence and risk behaviors was determined.