The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, during the spring season of 2021, to study the effect of biological and organic fertilization technology on the production of seed yield for two varieties of cowpea. A factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with three replications was used, first factor was included varieties of cowpea (Farmer’s Bayader - Hitech Seed), the Second factor was included: S0: only chemical fertilizer, S1: organic fertilizer + half chemical fertilizer, S2: organic fertilizer + all chemical fertilizer, S3: bio-fertilizer + half chemical fertilizer, S4: bio-fertilizer + all chemical fertilizer, S5: bio-fertilizer + organic fertilizer + half chemical fertilizer, S6: bio-fertilizer + organic fertilizer + all chemical fertilizer. The V1 cultivar excelled in all characteristics except number days to flowering and seed 300 weight, The S3 was excelled in all characteristics, A linear relationship was found in treatment (V1 × S3) in all characteristics of the study.
the experiment was conducted in laboratories of institute of genetic engineering and biotechnology of higher studies – university of Baghdad and college of sciences – university of Babylon, to study five breeds of beans to different mutation treatments on shoot apexes and its growth under low heat environments to product new winter lines, the irradiation of shoot apexes was after cut off it from shoots, ultraviolet radiation was used in three wavelengths (220,320 and 400 nm) interaction with two exposure periods (2 and 4 hours per day). the study traits were: Number days to 100% flowering - biological weight– weight of plant seeds, randomized complete block design was used with three replications, the results were indicated that B2 gave less number of days, higher biological and seeds weight while B1,B4 and B5 could not complete growth under W2,W3 treatments with different exposure periods, all breads gave flowering, biological and seeds weight with its variation at P1W1 and P1W2 treatments, the atpA gene was active in all breeds in P1W1 and P1W2 treatments while B2 and B3 were expressed gene in all treatments. From the results, there were new lines of beans added to winter plants as new crop was entered into food diversity program in Iraq.
Molecular and morphological indicators were measured to study the relationship, the RAPD marker was used as a molecular indicator, plant height, grain weight, and grain density were used as morphological traits in bread wheat, and 10 primers which have a type (op) were used in RAPD marker, 10 wheat cultivars were used as genotypes for studying. In study calculated, the number of bands which were appeared in every genotype, plant height, grain weight, and grain density as morphological traits, the results were: the C9 treatment gave a higher number of bands, but C6 which gave a higher value in plant height, C7 superior in grain weight and grain density. Mun indicator appeared high relationship between the C7 genotype and the number of fragments or genes in plant height while the C5 genotype gave less relationship, C7 genotype appeared high relationship between the number of fragments and grain weight trait according to Mun indicator while C5 genotype gave a less relationship. In a grain density trait, the C7 genotype gave a high value in Mun indicator comparison with the C5 genotype which gave less relationship, which means that all genotypes had variations in relationship with molecular indicator effects.
The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, during the spring season of 2021, to study the effect of water stress in some traits of growth and yield and yield component in three sunflower cultivars. A factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with three replications was used, first factor was included cultivars of sunflower (C1 : ESHAKI, C2 : AQMAR and C3 : SAKHA), the Second factor was included water stress levels : (I1 : 100%, I2 : 75% and I3 : 50%) from field capacity. The C2 cultivar was excelled in all characteristics at 100, 75 and 50% irrigation level on the other cultivars. The results of C2 cultivar in 50% irrigation did not significantly differ on 75 and 100% irrigation level in all study traits except leaf area.
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