In the present report, we describe an unusual case of an intramural gastric abscess caused by a foreign body, detected in the form of a subepithelial tumor. A 64-year-old woman was referred to our gastroenterology clinic for further evaluation of a gastric subepithelial tumor. The patient presented with a 1-month history of sustained dull epigastric pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an ill-demarcated, round, smooth, protruding lesion with a small central erosion on the great curvature of the proximal antrum. Endoscopic ultrasonography indicated the presence of an ovoid, heterogeneous, hypoechoic lesion with small echogenic foci located in the submucosa and muscularis propria layers. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed focal gastric wall thickening and regional lymph node enlargement. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed for definite diagnosis and management. Thus, we detected a toothpick and removed it using grasping forceps. The final diagnosis was an intramural gastric abscess caused by a toothpick.
Hypothermia, defined as an unintentional decline in the core body temperature to below 35℃, is a life-threatening condition. Patients with malnutrition and diabetes mellitus as well as those of advanced age are at high risk for accidental hypothermia. Due to the high mortality rates of accidental hypothermia, proper management is critical for the wellbeing of patients. Accidental hypothermia was reported to be associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in over 40% of cases. Although the pathogenesis remains to be elucidated, vasoconstriction and ischemia in the kidney were considered to be the main mechanisms involved. Cases of AKI associated with hypothermia have been reported worldwide, but there have been few reports of hypothermia-induced AKI in Korea. Here, we present a case of hypothermia-induced AKI that was treated successfully with rewarming and supportive care.
Intestinal malrotation occurs because of an arrest of normal rotation of the embryonic gut. It is often diagnosed in first month of life because of acute complications and requires surgical management. If it is not detected at a young age, it is diagnosed incidentally in advanced age. It is very rarely reported at advanced age with symptoms. In Korea in the last 30 years only about 10 such cases have been reported. In 2010, intestinal malrotation was reported at advanced age in only one case who had acute duodenal obstruction due to non-rotation of the pre-arterial segment of mid-gut. Therefore, we report a case of a 45-year-old man with non-rotation of pre-arterial segment with duodenal obstruction who had complained chronic and mild epigastric discomfort from a year ago.
Gastric cavernous hemangioma is a relatively rare benign gastric disease. Gastric hemangiomas are most commonly encountered in adulthood, although they can occur in any age group. While surgical resection is the curative treatment, endoscopic resection can be performed for treatment of selected cases. The patient was a 53-year-old male who was referred for evaluation of incidentally detected gastric subepithelial tumor with dense vascularity and oozing on the apex of the lesion. An EUS revealed a homogenously hypoechoic mass confined to the submucosal layer that showed no continuity with adjacent vessels, and there was no regional lymphadenopathy. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was successfully performed with en bloc resection. The final diagnosis was benign cavernous hemangioma of the stomach.
We present high-voltage liquid-electrolyte microbatteries, inspired from the high-voltage generation mechanism of electric eels using serially connected multiple-cell arrays. In the microbatteries, we purge air into the electrolyte filled in a channel layer to isolate serially connected multiple cell arrays using three surface-tension valves (cell-front, outlet, and cell-end valves). Compared to the previous multi-cell stack or interconnection, present microbatteries provide a reduced multi-cell charging time. We have designed and characterized four different prototypes C1, C10, C20, and C40 having 1, 10, 20, and 40 cells, respectively. In the experimental study, the threshold pressures of cell-front, outlet, and cell-end valves were measured as 460±47, 1,000±53, and 2,800±170 Pa, respectively. The average charging time for C40 was measured as 26.8±4.9 seconds where the electrolyte and air flow-rates are 100 and 10 µl/min, respectively. Microbatteries showed the maximum voltage of 12 V (C40), the maximum power density of 110 μW/cm 2 (C40), and the maximum power capacity of 2.1 µAh/cm 2 (C40). We also proposed a tapered-channel to remove the reaction gas from the cell chamber using a surface tension effect. The present microbatteries are applicable to high-voltage portable power devices.
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