This study presents the stress analysis of the mandibular first premolar tooth restored with an all-ceramic crown under thermal loading as a result of hot/cold liquid intake to the mouth using the three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA). In the first step of the study, the temperature changes as a result of hot/cold liquid intake were calculated. The thermal stress distributions because of the temperature changes were then obtained. Thermal loads ranging from 60 to 15°C were applied on all prepared models. The distribution of temperature and stress were plotted for some critical points which were the transition points of strain to tension or tension to strain when hot or cold liquids were consumed. The changes in oral temperature cause thermal fatigue and the material stability might be negatively affected. According to the thermal tension results in the present study, IPS Empress, Carrara press ceramic and Ceramco FAC all-ceramic materials exhibited different values while IPS Empress 2 material showed similar properties to that of enamel.
An analytical elastic-plastic stress analysis is carried out on thermoplastic composite beams supported from two ends under transverse uniformly distributed load. The composite beams consist of woven steel fiber and thermoplastic matrix. The material is assumed to be perfectly plastic for the elastic-plastic solution. The intensity of the uniform force is chosen at a small value; therefore the normal stress components of σ y is neglected during the elastic-plastic solution. The expansion of the plastic region and the residual stress component of σ x are determined for 0°, 15°, 30°and 45°orientation angles. Plastic yielding occurs first 0°and 45°orientation angles on the lower and upper surfaces of the beam at the same distances from the ends. However; it starts first at the lower surface for 15°, 30°orientation angles. The intensity of the residual stress component of σ x is found to be maximum at the lower and upper surfaces; whereas the intensity of residual stress component τ xy is maximum on or around the x axis of the beam.
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