The aim of this study the authors measured and analyzed the effect of the exterior daily temperature change on the interior temperature in a dripstone cave visited by cavers exclusively. The measurement was carried out in the Hajnóczy Cave located in the southern part of Bükk Mountains in Hungary. Although only one entrance is known, there are more evidences for the strong effect of exterior conditions on the interior processes like temperature fluctuation and dripstone development. Using high resolution wireless digital thermometer sensor network the air temperature and air humidity were measured in 32 points in every 10 minutes for long time but now the data of a 8-days period were analyzed. Based on these data different zones of the cave could be separated and during summer conditions the climatic variability of the entrance transitional and deep cave zone was described. Based on statistical analysis of spatial information significant correlation was found between the exterior temperature fluctuation and that of such a cave chamber, which is relatively far from the cave entrance. This fact proves that existence of a fissure system which is permeable for air but not passable for cavers. During the measurement the human effect was also analyzed and 0.3-0.6 °C temperature rising was recognized for a short time. Because of the surface vicinity the effects of the environmental change can have sensible impact on the cave and its natural phenomena. Among others temperature rising, air humidity decreasing were detected in present study.
Investigation of the spatial and temporal trends of the air temperature of the Hajnóczy cave in the Bükk mountains IntroductionGlobal climatic changes can also influence the under cave climate. It is proven that mountain thermal inertia causes a delay between the two climates, which then results in a thermal unbalance between the cave atmosphere and the surface atmosphere (Badino, 2004). High resolution microclimate studies can give very useful spatial information about the air mass movement not only in the show caves but in such caves which are visited and investigated only by researchers (Cigna, 2002). Based on their environmental conditions and environmental variability, cave habitats can be divided into three primary zones: 1) an entrance area that is climatically variable and strongly affected by changes in the surface environment, 2) a deep cave zone that is characterized by relatively stable temperature, and humidity at or near saturation, and 3) a transition zone that seasonally displays characteristics of either the entrance or the deep cave zone. The spatial extents of these zones vary among caves and are primarily determined by passage morphology and airflow patterns (Benjamin, et. al., 2013). All caves are different concerning their morphology, fracture network as well as their entrance position; all these exert influence on their air flow (Rajczy, 2000).Hungary has a great variety of karstic landscapes. Kessler, H. and Jakucs, L. started the academic investigation of the surface and underground karstic features in the middle of the 20th century. All caves enjoy ex lege protection (LIII/1996 Act on the Protection of the Natural Environment), moreover, the protection of some of the larger karstic landscapes is maintained by national parks (e.g. Bükk Mts., Aggtelek Karst), in A Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary * Corresponding author: Muladi Beáta,e-mail: muladi@geo.u-szeged.hu ISSN 0354-8724 (hard copy) | ISSN 1820-7138 (online) AbstractThe aim of this study is to measure and analyze the effects of exterior annual temperature change on the interior temperature of a dripstone cave. The measurement was carried out in Hajnóczy Cave located in the southern part of the Bükk Mountains, Hungary.Although the cave has only one entrance known, there are more evidences that prove the strong effect of exterior conditions on the interior processes like temperature fluctuation and dripstone development. Using a high resolution wireless digital thermometer sensor network, the air temperature was measured at 10 points every 10 minutes for a longer period. The goal of our study is to analyze the spatial profile of air temperature of the cave that is developed during the summer and winter air circulation period between 11 November, 2012, and 10 April, 2013. Based on these data, different zones of the cave could be separated; and during the winter and summer conditions, the climatic variability of the entrance, the transitional, and the deep...
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